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도시지역 낮･밤 대기에어로졸의 입경 별 수용성 유기탄소의 특성

Characteristic of Size-Resolved Water-Soluble Organic Carbon in Atmospheric Aerosol Particles Observed during Daytime and Nighttime in an Urban Area

박승식|신동명
한국입자에어로졸학회 (Korean Association for Particle and Aerosol Research(KAPAR))|2013.03|PARTICLE AND AEROSOL RESEARCH|제9권 제1호|pp. 7-21|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.11629/jpaar.2013.9.1.007

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키워드

Size distributionwater-soluble organic carbon(WSOC)sources and formation mechanisms of WSOCcoarse mode WSOC

초록

Twelve-hour size-resolved atmospheric aerosols were measured to determine size distributions of water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC) during daytime and nighttime, and to investigate sources and formation pathways of WSOC in individual particle size classes. Mass, WSOC, NO3-, K+, and Cl- at day and night showed mostly bimodal size distributions, peaking at the size range of 0.32-0.55㎛(condensation mode) and 3.1-6.2㎛(coarse mode), respectively, with a predominant condensation mode and a minor coarse mode. While NH4+ and SO42- showed unimodal size distributions which peaked between 0.32 and 0.55㎛. WSOC was enriched into nuclei mode particles(<0.1㎛) based on the WSOC-to-mass and WSOC-to-water soluble species ratios. The sources and formation mechanisms of WSOC were inferred in reference to the size distribution characteristics of inorganic species(SO42-, NO3-, K+, Ca2+, Na+, and Cl-) and carbon monoxide. Nuclei mode WSOC was likely associated with primary combustion sources during daytime and nighttime. Among significant sources contributing to the condensation mode WSOC were homogeneous gas-phase oxidation of VOCs, primary combustion emissions, and fresh(or slightly aged) biomass burning aerosols. The droplet mode WSOC could be attributed to aqueous oxidation of VOCs in clouds, cloud-processed biomass burning aerosols, and small contributions from primary combustion sources. From the correlations between WSOC and soil-related particles, and between WSOC and sea-salt particles, it is suggested that the coarse mode WSOC during daytime is likely to condense on the soil-related particles(K+ and Ca2+), while the WSOC in the coarse fraction during nighttime is likely associated with the sea-salt particles(Na+).

Abstract

Twelve-hour size-resolved atmospheric aerosols were measured to determine size distributions of water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC) during daytime and nighttime, and to investigate sources and formation pathways of WSOC in individual particle size classes. Mass, WSOC, NO3-, K+, and Cl- at day and night showed mostly bimodal size distributions, peaking at the size range of 0.32-0.55㎛(condensation mode) and 3.1-6.2㎛(coarse mode), respectively, with a predominant condensation mode and a minor coarse mode. While NH4+ and SO42- showed unimodal size distributions which peaked between 0.32 and 0.55㎛. WSOC was enriched into nuclei mode particles(<0.1㎛) based on the WSOC-to-mass and WSOC-to-water soluble species ratios. The sources and formation mechanisms of WSOC were inferred in reference to the size distribution characteristics of inorganic species(SO42-, NO3-, K+, Ca2+, Na+, and Cl-) and carbon monoxide. Nuclei mode WSOC was likely associated with primary combustion sources during daytime and nighttime. Among significant sources contributing to the condensation mode WSOC were homogeneous gas-phase oxidation of VOCs, primary combustion emissions, and fresh(or slightly aged) biomass burning aerosols. The droplet mode WSOC could be attributed to aqueous oxidation of VOCs in clouds, cloud-processed biomass burning aerosols, and small contributions from primary combustion sources. From the correlations between WSOC and soil-related particles, and between WSOC and sea-salt particles, it is suggested that the coarse mode WSOC during daytime is likely to condense on the soil-related particles(K+ and Ca2+), while the WSOC in the coarse fraction during nighttime is likely associated with the sea-salt particles(Na+).

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