고대 한일 위세품에 보이는 물고기 문양의 계통과 전파

Abstract

Among the excavated tumulus articles of Baekje and Silla, there are some found with the fish pattern. Those fish patterns can be found in the stone chamber tomb at Bokam-ri, Naju along with bronze cups of Muryong Royal Tomb and waistbands in Hwangnam Daechong, Chunmachong, Geumgwanchong. Furthermore, these relics are categorized as the dignifying belongings used by kings and nobles, which could not be found among the commoners. The symbol of fish has been interpreted as the sign of the prosperity of offspring, economic affluence, success, etc. It mostly holds the meaning of hoping for good luck rather than negative signification and the origin of the symbol retrospects back to the paintings on pottery during the New Stone Age in China. A variety of ornaments with fish patterns have been created during the period of Chinese Han and it had been continuously maintained until the Period of North and South Dynasties. Therefore, it can be comprehended that the fish patterns observed in the relics of the period of the Three States of Korea may have been influenced by the culture of the Period of North and South Dynasties of China. The fish patterns of Baekje and Silla, furthermore, are considered to be spread to Japan between the end of the 5th century and the beginning of the 6th century. The fish patterns of Japan are found in gilt bronze shoes, gilt bronze crowns, long swords, waistbands, etc. A long sword found in the burial grounds of tumulus at Gangjeong is noted with the description referring to sovereignty along with the fish pattern. Therefore, it can be considered that there may be a direct correlation of a signification for the fish patterns on dignifying belongings with the fish patterns of Baekje and Silla which currently do not mark its prestigious status.