농촌사회 보건의료 환경 변화: 전라북도 임실을 중심으로

Abstract

This paper intends to reconstruct Imsil's health care history by referring to related statistics, newspaper articles, previous studies, and Samgye Diary and Changpyeong Diary written by residents of Imsil-gun, Jeollabuk-do. Since the writers of the diary are male, there are many parts that are not sufficiently described, such as family planning, but the diary can be used as an interesting historical material because it shows the social situation at the time without manipulating it. As most Korean doctors started practicing in Japanese colonial era, Korean medical care basically operated based on the market competition system. To compensate for this, since the 1950s, the government has established plans to establish health centers in each local district to provide preventive medicine and basic curative medicine, but due to a lack of budget, it was not realized as planned. The vaccination records of Samgye Diary madeat the myeon office show the government's efforts for public health in an insufficient environment. In the 1960s, public health centers were established at each county level, including Imsil-gun, but there were many cases where they failed to function because they could not find the necessary medical staff. Since there were no medical institutions nearby, it was not uncommon in rural areas to aggravate diseases without receiving timely treatment. In the late 1970s, the medical environment in rural areas began to improve as the transportation network expanded and rural medical institutions gradually increased amid compressed modernization. In particular, in the 1980s, the access to the hospitals has increased due to the enactment of a special law and the launch of the national medical insurance system and in the 1990s, the current health care system in rural areas was generally established. The disease-related record of Changpyeong Diary, which has increased significantly since the 1980s, shows the improved medical environment of Imsil residents at the time.