민족과 국가 그리고 '문화' - 1920년대 초반 『개벽』지의 '정신·민족성 개조론' 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to explicate the cultural nationalism in ‘the theory of Nationality Reconstruction’ in the early 1920’s. The leaders of 'the theory of the Nationality Reconstruction' were Lee Kwang Soo and young leaders of 'ChonDoKyo(天道敎)', especially Lee Don Hwa. They thought of the materialism, moral corruption, individualistic tendency, and the class struggle as the critical problems of modern society. And they regarded the socialism and the individualism as the serious causes of this conditions. Because They considered that socialism and individualism were ideologies to provoke sectionalization from the society and the whole. Therefore they tried to establish 'common culture' for the resolution of this problems in modern Korea. Their essential interest was to totalize national culture through the morals and the arts, especially national literature. We can define this attitude as a 'culturism'. They were to unify the private sphere and the public sphere to totalitarian state. The common culture and the morals served to this statism. The theory of the Nationality Reconstruction’ was the project of cultural fascism, essentially the radical aesthetic statism.