긍정적 자서전적 기억 회상이 우울집단의 슬픈 기분 개선에 미치는 효과
The Effects of Positive Autobiographical Memory Recall in Repairing Sad Mood for Depressed Individuals
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본 연구는 긍정적 자서전적 기억 회상이 우울집단의 슬픈 기분 개선에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 여대생을 우울집단(n=35)과 비우울집단(n=34)으로 선별한 후, 모든 참가자들에게 영상을 통해 슬픈 기분을 유도하였고 생리적 반응을 손가락혈류량(FPA)를 사용하여측정하였다. 슬픈 기분 유도 후 참가자들은 자유회상(자유롭게 떠오르는 자서전적 기억 회상) 또는 지시회상(긍정적 지시 단어와 관련된자서전적 기억 회상) 조건에 무선적으로 할당되어 개별적으로 실험이 진행되었다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영상을 보는 동안 FPA가 감소하여 모든 참가자들에게 동일하게 슬픈 기분이 유도되었음이 확인되었다. 둘째, 두 집단 모두 자유회상보다 지시회상 조건에서 기분 개선의효과가더컸다. 셋째, 지시회상조건에서비우울집단이우울집단보다기분개선의효과가더컸다. 이같은결과는긍정적인자서전적기억을 회상하도록 직접적으로 지시하는 것이 슬픈 기분을 개선시키는 데 효과적이나, 우울집단은 비우울집단 만큼의 개선 효과는 나타나지않았음을의미한다. 위의 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의와 임상적 시사점에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study examined the effects of recalling positive autobiographical memories on repairing sad mood in depressed individuals. Sixty-nine female undergraduates were selected into either a depressed group (n= 35) or a non-depressed group (n= 34). Sad mood was induced by a film clip while activity in the autonomic nervous system was recorded using finger pulse amplitude (FPA). Following mood induction, each participant was randomly assigned to one of two recall conditions: (1) spontaneous recall in which participants were instructed to freely recall three autobiographical memories and (2) cue-directed recall in which participants were instructed to recall three memories cued by positive words such as “happy,” “thankful,” and “proud.” Results are as follows. First, FPA decreased during the film viewing as compared to the baseline, regardless of group or condition, which indicates that sad mood was equally induced across all participants. Second, both groups reported more positive mood in cue-directed recall than they did in spontaneous recall. Third, the non-depressed group showed greater mood improvement than the depressed group did in cue-directed recall. These results suggest that directly recalling positive autobiographical memories had an effect on repairing sad mood; however, it was more effective for non-depressed individuals.
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