1960년대 부산 아동문단의 형성과 전개 -『소년국제』와 『소년부일』 수록 동시를 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to examine the formation and development of children’s literature in Busan around the 1960s. In the history of children’s literature in Korea, the 1960s was a time when children’s literature achieved rapid growth due to changes in education policy, expansion of the publishing market, changes in the literary debut system and the emergence of new writers, organization of children’s literature associations and the publication of media, and theoretical specialization. The growth of children’s literary circles also appeared in different aspects in local communities such as Busan and Daegu. In particular, Busan was building an independent and self-sustaining literary ecosystem based on the literary experience of the wartime capital. With the emergence of new writers from Busan and Gyeongnam, the organization of literary associations, the publication of literary media and works, and the exhibition of poems and paintings, the tradition of children’s literature in Busan and Gyeongnam, which has been continued since the colonial era, has been inherited. In the mid-1950s, after the Armistice Regime was formed, a large number of new writers in Busan appeared, and literary organizations such as the Busan Writers Club(Busan Writers Association) were organized. In the case of children’s literature, the Busan Children’s Literature Association(1958) and the Children’s Literature Research Association(1959) were established. In addition, 『Eorini Nara』(1956) and 『Eorini Segye』(1958), which are specialized media for children’s literature published in Busan, functioned as major media for the creation and work of local writers of children’s literature. The growth of children’s literature in Busan owes much to 『Sonyeon Buil』 and 『Sonyeon Kukje』. The expansion of children’s section in daily newspapers in the mid-1950s is a noteworthy phenomenon. Despite continued financial difficulties and paper shortages, 『Chosun Ilbo』, 『Donga Ilbo』, and 『Kyunghyang Shinmun』 published 『Sonyeon Chosun Ilbo』, 『Sonyeon Donga』, and 『Eorini Kyunghyang』 for children. Busan’s representative newspapers, 『Busan Ilbo』 and 『Gukje Sinbo』 also published 『Sonyeon Buil』(1959.3) and 『Sonyeon Kukje』(1959.6) aimed at children readers. Through this, local children’s literature could be activated. Until the mid-1960s, the two media published more than 200 children’s poems, as well as a number of fairy tales, children’s novel, and foreign novels. The main characteristics of children’s poems published in 『Sonyeon Buil』 and 『Sonyeon Kukje』 are as follows. First, young local children’s literature writers who appeared around the 1960s, such as Kim Sa-rim, Bang Sang-hee, Oh Gyeong-woong, Oh Gyu-ok, Yu Dae-geon, Yun Doo-hyuk, Yun Il, Lee Young-chan, Jeong Hae-sang, and Ha Gye-deok, performed outstanding works. Second, we can confirm the active creation of children’s literature by local writers who engaged in literary activities outside children’s literature. Third, the sense of place of Busan, which embraces the sea, is strongly revealed. Works based on maritime imagination enhance the regional value of the two media. Lastly, politics, a characteristic of newspaper media, is strongly expressed. Works dealing with issues of the era, such as the April Revolution, provided an opportunity for children to face the historical reality of the region where they stood and to inspire ethics as citizens.