우울증의 행동활성화 척도의 타당화: 대학생 표본을 대상으로
Validation of the Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale in Korean Samples of University Students
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초록
본 연구는 국내 행동활성화 치료에 관한 연구 및 실제적 적용에 기여하기 위해 대학생 표본을 대상으로 K-BADS를 타당화하고자 하였다. 연구 1에서 대학생 256명으로부터 수집된 자료에 대해 탐색적 요인분석을 적용한 결과, K-BADS는, Kanter 등(2006)의 원논문과 일치되게, ‘활성화’, ‘회피/반추’, ‘직업/학업에서의 기능손상’, ‘사회적 기능손상’의 4요인구조로 나타났다. K-BADS의 내적 일치도, 문항-총점 상관은 높았고, 검사-재검사 신뢰도는 양호하였다. 연구 2에서 독립적인 대학생 표본인 272명으로부터 수집된 자료에 대해 확인적 요인분석을적용한 결과, 연구 1에서 보고된 한글판 BADS의 4요인구조가 반복 검증되었고, 수렴 및 변별타당도, 준거 관련 타당도, 증분 타당도 역시양호하게 나타났다. 연구 3에서는 한글판 BADS가 실제 치료적 변화를 민감하게 탐지하는지 확인하기 위해 행동활성화 개입을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 행동활성화 개입 이후의 행동활성화 및 우울증상의 수준이 유의미하게 개선되었다. 즉, K-BADS가 치료적 변화에 민감한 도구임이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과들은 K-BADS가 우리나라 대학생들의 행동활성화 정도를 신뢰롭고 타당하게 측정하는 도구임을 시사하는것이다.
Abstract
This article consists of three studies designed to validate the Korean version of the Activation for Depression Scale (K-BADS) among three samples of undergraduate students contribute to the study and practical application of behavioral activation treatment in Korea. In Study 1, with an undergraduate sample (n=256), exploratory factor analyses of the K-BADS revealed a four-factor solution: activation (AC), avoidance/rumination (AR), work/social impairment (WS), and social impairment (SI), consistently with the original version of the BADS. The K-BADS showed high internal consistency, corrected item-total correlations, and good test-retest reliability. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the four-factor structure was replicated with an independent sample (n=272). Furthermore, the K-BADS showed good convergent, discrimination, criterion-related, and incremental validities. In Study 3, participants in the behavioral activation intervention (n=10) showed a significantly greater increase in behavioral activation levels as measured with the K-BADS total and subscales, and decreased depressive symptoms. This finding indicates that the K-BADS total and subscales are sensitive to assessing changes following behavioral activation intervention. Finally, the results of these studies suggest that the K-BADS is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the behavioral activation level of undergraduate students in Korea.
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