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국가 해상풍력자원지도 개발을 위한 수치해석기술의 고도화 방안

Analysis of Numerical Modeling Techniques for Offshore Wind Resource Map

김현구|김창기|오동건|김진영
한국풍공학회|2024.06|한국풍공학회지 (Journal of the Wind Engineering Institute of Korea)|제28권 제2호|pp. 21-28|DOI 10.37109/weik.2024.28.2.21

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키워드

일본미국JapanUSA유럽Europe수치해석numerical model해상풍력Offshore wind풍력자원지도wind resource map

초록

해상풍력자원지도는 풍력발전사업, 국가 재생에너지 공급 정책, 전력계통망 계획의 핵심자료이다. 본 연구에서는 풍력자원해석기술의 개발 동향을 검토하고 시사점을 논의하였다. 국가별 해상풍력자원지도 개발하여 활용하고 있는 대표적인 국가는 유럽연합(덴마크), 미국, 그리고 일본이며, 이들을 중심으로 풍력자원지도 생산 기술 및 활용 현황을 분석하였다. 기본적으로 풍력자원지도의 품질 향상을 위해 수치해석 기술을 업그레이드 해오고 있다. 이들의 개발 전략은 앙상블 중규모 수치해석과 중규모-미세규모 모델의 커플링이었고 그 외 모델내 물리해석기법들의 적용은 지역마다 다른 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서 최근 진보된 수치모델을 도입하고 우리나라 풍황 특성을 고려하여 최적의 실험디자인을 도출해야 할 것으로 보인다. 특히 300 m부근의 대기경계층에서의 연직고도의 상세한 반영은 공통점으로, 이는 대형화된 풍력터빈을 고려하여 최적의 풍력발전소 후보지 발굴에 적합하도록 장기간의 풍황정보를 정확하게 제공하기 위한 제안사항인 것으로 보인다.

Abstract

Offshore wind resource maps are the primary data for wind power project, national renewable energy supply policy, and power grid planning. In this study, we discussed trends in wind resource map production technology. A survey has been performed focusing on production technology and application status of wind resource maps for the representative countries such as the European Union (Denmark), the United States, and Japan. To improve national offshore wind resource maps, they have basically been enhanced to better quality wind resources and their uncertainties using ensemble mesoscale numerical modeling or coupled meso-microscale numerical modeling. The application of the model design for physical schemes varied in regions. As a result, it is necessary to adopt advanced numerical model and perform optimal experimental design to develop a new offshore wind resource map of South Korea. Particularly, we identified that vertically extended wind resource maps within the planetary boundary layer (around 300 m above sea level) are common features. This system accurately provides long-term wind characteristics for identifying suitable wind farm locations, considering the increase in the turbine sizes.

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