본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

사이버 안보에서의 다중이해당사자주의 담론의 확산

The Diffusion of Multistakeholderism Discourses in Cybersecurity

유인태
한국사회역사학회 (Korean Association Of Socio-Historical Studies)|2019.02|담론201 (Discourse 201)|제22권 제1호|pp. 45-80|DOI 10.17789/discou.2019.22.1.002

0

조회

0

다운로드

7

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

cybersecurity사이버 안보비정부 행위자internet governance탈안보화desecuritization다중이해당사자주의인터넷 거버넌스multistakeholderismnongovernmental actors
주제분류사회학

초록

전통적으로 안보 영역은 국가의 독점적 영역으로서 인식되어 왔다. 사이버 안보 영역도 이와 유사한 정부⋅군사 행위자의 역할이 주도적으로 보이는 안보화의 추세를 보이지만, 다른 경향성도 관찰된다. 즉, 여러 비국가 행위자들, 소위 다중이해당사자들이 이 영역에 참여하는 추세로 변화하고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 새로운 변화에 대해 세 가지 주장을 펼친다. 첫째, 새로운 비정부 행위자의 안보 영역에의 등장이다. 둘째, 이러한 등장을 뒷받침하는 다중이해당사자 규범의 국내외 확산과 수용이다. 셋째, 사이버 안보의 탈안보화이다. 이를 보이기 위해 인터넷 거버넌스 참여 대표적 국제협의체에서의 사이버 안보 담론을 살핀다. 또한 여러 국가들의 사이버 안보 구상 혹은 전략에 나타나는 다중이해당사자주의의 확산을 본다. 본 연구는, 비록 사이버 안보에서의 다중이해당사자주의의 영향력을 검증하지는 않지만, 새로운 경향성을 나타내는 사이버 안보에서의 변화를 담아내며, 향후 사이버 안보에서 새로운 국내외의 거버넌스 모델의 필요성을 제기한다.

Abstract

Traditional security studies tend to perceive the security domain as an issue area that is heavily occupied or dominated by the state. Although governmental and military actors still seem to be the main actors in the cybersecurity domain, non-governmental actors have increased their presence in the new domain. Unpacking the significant change, this research makes three arguments. First, non-governmental actors have emerged in the policy-making process. Second, a new norm, multistakeholderism, has increasingly been diffused and accepted by many international and domestic entities. Third, the desecuritization of cybersecurity has advanced. To support the arguments, this study looks into cybersecurity-related discourses in internet governance organizations, such as ITU, WSIS, IGF, and GCCS. In addition, the research shows that multiple countries have adopted the norm and reflected it into their own domestic cybersecurity policies. The theoretical discussion of multistakeholderism and a more rigorous analysis of its diffusion remain to be future research agendas.

참고문헌 (82)

  1. 김상배, "사이버 안보의 주변4망(網)과 한국: 세력망의 구조와 중견국의 전략", 국제정치논총, 57(1), pp.111~154 (2017), 한국국제정치학회
  2. 김상배, "세계 주요국의 사이버 안보 전략: 비교 국가전략론의 시각", 국제.지역연구, 26(3), pp.67~108 (2017), 국제학연구소
  3. 김상배, "사이버 안보의 미중관계: 안보화 이론의 시각", 한국정치학회보, 49(1), pp.71~97 (2015), 한국정치학회[DOI]
  4. 김소정, "미국과 중국의 사이버안보 전략과 한국의 안보정책에 대한 함의", 국가안보와 전략, 17(2), pp.1~45 (2017), 국가안보전략연구원[DOI]
  5. 배영자, "사이버안보 국제규범에 관한 연구", 21세기정치학회보, 27(1), pp.105~128 (2017), 21세기정치학회[DOI]
  6. 이승주, "일본 사이버안보 전략의 변화 : 사이버 안보의 전통 안보화와 전통 안보의 사이버 안보화", 국가안보와 전략, 17(1), pp.173~202 (2017), 국가안보전략연구원[DOI]
  7. 유인태, "글로벌 인터넷 주소자원 거버넌스의 변천: IANA 관리체제 전환을 통한 다중이해당사자 원칙의 재확립", 국제정치논총, 57(1), pp.41~74 (2017), 한국국제정치학회
  8. 장노순, "사이버안보에서 갈등구조와 신뢰구축", 정치·정보연구, 17(2), pp.87~112 (2014), 한국정치정보학회[DOI]
  9. 조현석, "미중 사이버 안보 협약 연구", 21세기정치학회보, 27(2), pp.211~232 (2017), 21세기정치학회[DOI]
  10. 조화순, "사이버공간의 안보화와 글로벌 거버넌스의 한계", 정보사회와 미디어, 17(2), pp.77~98 (2016), 한국정보사회학회
  11. 차정미, "중국 특색의 ‘사이버 안보’담론과 전략, 제도 분석", 국가안보와 전략, 18(1), pp.1~43 (2018), 국가안보전략연구원[DOI]
  12. 채재병, "안보환경의 변화와 사이버안보", 정치·정보연구, 16(2), pp.171~193 (2013), 한국정치정보학회
  13. Baseley-Walker, "Confronting Cyberconflict", pp.31~40 (2011), United Nations Institutes for Disarmament Research
  14. Buzan, Barry, "Security: A New Framework for Analysis" (1998), Lynne Rienner Publishers
  15. Clarke, Richard A., "Cyber War: The Next Threat to National Security and What to do About It" (2010), Harper Collins Publishers
  16. Collins, Alan, "Securitization, Frankenstein’s Monster and Malaysian Education", Pacific Review, 18(4), pp.567~588 (2005)
  17. Demchak, Chris C., "Rise of a Cybered Westphalian Age", Strategic Studies Quarterly, 5(1), pp.31~62 (2011)
  18. DeNardis, Laura, "The Global War for Internet Governance" (2014), Yale University Press
  19. Ebert, Hannes, "Contested Cyberspace and Rising Powers", Third World Quarterly, 34(6), pp.1054~1074 (2013)
  20. Finnemore, Martha, "Constructing Norms for Global Cybersecurity", American Journal of International Law, 110(3), pp.425~479 (2016)
  21. Forsyth, James Wood, "Structural Causes and Cyber Effects : Why International Order is Inevitable in Cyberspace", Strategic Studies Quarterly, 8(4), pp.113~130 (2014)
  22. Franzese, Patrick W., "Sovereignty in Cyberspace: Can It Exist?", Airforce Law Review, 64, pp.1~42 (2009)
  23. Gartzke, Erik, "The Myth of Cyberwar", International Security, 38(2), pp.41~73 (2013)
  24. Gaycken, Sandro, "Cyberdefense: The Worst of All Cyber Construction Sites", Georgetown Journal of International Affairs (International Engagement on Cyber IV), pp.45~54 (2014)
  25. Global Conference on Cyber Space (GCCS), "Chair’s Statement", ~ (2017)
  26. Global Conference on Cyber Space (GCCS), "Chair’s Statement", ~ (2015)
  27. Global Conference on Cyber Space (GCCS), "Chair’s Statement", ~ (2013)
  28. Global Conference on Cyber Space (GCCS), "Chair’s Statement", ~ (2012)
  29. Global Conference on Cyber Space (GCCS), "Chair’s Statement", ~ (2011)
  30. Glaser, Charles L, "The Security Dilemma Revisited", World Politics, 50(1), pp.171~201 (1997)
  31. Hansen, Lene, "Digital Disaster, Cyber Security, and the Copenhagen School", International Studies Quarterly, 54(4), pp.1155~1175 (2009)
  32. Healey, Jason, "A Fierce Domain: Conflict in Cyberspace 1986-2012" (2013), Cyber Conflict Studies Association
  33. "International Telecommunication Union"[URL]
  34. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Enabling Inclusive and Sustainable Growth" (2016), United Nations Publication
  35. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Evolution of Internet Governance:Empowering Sustainable Development" (2015), United Nations Publication
  36. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Connecting Continents for Enhanced Multistakeholder Internet Governance" (2014), United Nations Publication
  37. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Building Bridges-Enhancing Multistakeholder Cooperation for Growth and Sustainable Development" (2013), United Nations Publication
  38. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Internet Governance for Sustainable Human, Economic and Social Development" (2012), United Nations Publication
  39. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Internet as a catalyst for change:access, development, freedoms and innovation" (2011), United Nations Publication
  40. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Developing the Future Together" (2010), United Nations Publication
  41. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Internet Governance: Creating Opportunities For All" (2009), United Nations Publication
  42. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Internet for all" (2008), United Nations Publication
  43. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Internet Governance Forum(IGF)The first Two Years" (2007), United Nations Publication
  44. Internet Governance Forum(IGF), "Internet Governance Forum(IGF)The first Two Years" (2006), United Nations Publication
  45. Ikenberry, G. John, "After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Order after Major Wars" (2001), Princeton University Press
  46. Katzenstein, Peter J,, "The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics" (1996), Columbia University Press
  47. Keohane, Robert O., "After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy" (1984), Princeton University Press
  48. Keohane, Robert O., "Power and Interdependence" (1977), Longman
  49. 김근혜, "CBMs for Cyberspace beyond the Traditional Security Environment: Focusing on Features for CBMs for Cyberspace in Northeast Asia", The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 27(1), pp.87~106 (2015), 한국국방연구원[DOI]
  50. Koppel, Ted, "Lights Out: A Cyberattack, A Nation Unprepared, Surviving the Aftermath" (2015), Crown
  51. Kratochwil, Friedrich, "Rules, Norms, and Decisions: On the Conditions of Practical and Legal Reasoning in International Relations and Domestic Affairs" (2000), Cambridge University Press
  52. Kshetri, Nir, "The Quest to Cyber Superiority: Cybersecurity Regulations, Frameworks, and Strategies of Major Economies" (2016), Springer
  53. Kurbalija, Jovan, "An Introduction to Internet Governance" (2014), DiploFoundation
  54. Lewis, James, "Sovereignty Will Reshape Internet Governance", Digital Debates 2015 CyFy Journal, 2, pp.74~81 (2015)
  55. Lewis, James Andrew, "Confronting Cyberconflict", pp.51~60 (2011), United Nations Institutes for Disarmament Research
  56. Mathiason, John, "Internet Governance: The New Frontier of Global Institutions" (2009), Routledge
  57. Tipping the Scale : An Analysis of Global Swing States in the Internet Governance Debate, "Maurer, Tim", 5~28, pp.Global Commission on Internet Governance Paper Series 2 (2014)
  58. Mazanec, Brian M., "Why International Order in Cyberspace Is Not Inevitable", Strategic Studies Quarterly, 9(2), pp.78~98 (2015)
  59. Mearsheimer, John J., "The Tragedy of Great Power Politics" (2001), Norton
  60. Moravcsik, Andrew, "Taking Preferences Seriously : A Liberal Theory of International Politics", International Organization, 51(4), pp.513~533 (1997)
  61. Morgenthau, Hans J., "Politics among Nations : the Struggle for Power and Peace" (1967), Knopf
  62. Mueller, Milton L., "Networks and States : The Global Politics of Internet Governance" (2010), The MIT Press
  63. Oneal, John R., "Triangulating Peace: Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organizations" (2001), W. W. Norton & Company
  64. Peppet, Scott R, "Regulating the Internet of Things : First Steps Toward Managing Discrimination, Privacy, Security and Consent", Texas Law Review, 93, pp.85~165 (2014)
  65. Rid, Thomas, "Cyber War Will Not Take Place", Journal of Strategic Studies, 35(1), pp.5~32 (2012)
  66. Ruggie, John Gerald, "What Makes the World Hang Together? Neo-Utilitarianism and the Social Constructivist Challenge", International Organization, 52(4), pp.855~885 (1998)
  67. Schweller, Randall L., "Tripolarity and the Second World War", International Studies Quarterly, 37(1), pp.73~103 (1993)
  68. Segal, Adam, "The Hacked World Order: How Nations Fight, Trade, Maneuver, and Manipulate in the Digital Age (Council on Foreign Relations Book)" (2016), Public Affairs
  69. Singer, P. W., "Corporate Warriors : The Rise of the Privatized Military Industry and Its Ramifications for International Security", International Security, 26(3), pp.186~220 (2001)
  70. Stone, John, "Cyber War Will Take Place!", Journal of Strategic Studies, 36(1), pp.101~108 (2013)
  71. United Nations, General Assembly, "Outcome Document of the High-Level Meeting of the General Assembly on the Overall Review of the Implementation of the Outcomes of the World Summit on the Information Society. 70", 125 (February 1), 2015
  72. United Nations, General Assembly, "Creation of a Global Culture of Cybersecurity. 57", 239 (January 31), 2003
  73. United Nations, General Assembly, "World Summit on the Information Society. 56", 183 (December 21), 2001
  74. Valeriano, Brandon, "Cyber Strategy: The Evolving Character of Power and Coercion" (2018), Oxford University Press
  75. Waltz, Kenneth N., "Theory of International Politics" (1979), Addison-Wesley Publishing Company
  76. Weber, Rolf H., "Internet of Things : New Security and Privacy Challenges", Computer Law & Security Review, 26(1), pp.23~30 (2010)
  77. Weeden, Brian, "Confronting Cyberconflict", pp.19~30 (2001), United Nations Institutes for Disarmament Research
  78. Wendt, Alexander, "Social Theory of International Politics" (1999), Cambridge University Press
  79. Wendt, Alexander, "Collective Identity Formation and the International State", American Political Science Review, 88(2), pp.384~396 (1994)
  80. World Summit on the Information Society, "WSIS+10 Outcome Document" (2014), United Nations Publication
  81. WSIS, "Tunis Agenda for the Information Society" (2005), United Nations Publication
  82. Zehfuss, Maja, "Constructivism in International Relations: The Politics of Reality" (2002), Cambridge University Press

관련 논문AI추천

사이버안보 체계: 거버넌스 형성의 문제와 한국설규상, 유호근한국정치외교사학회 · 한국정치외교사논총2017 · 제38권 제2호국가 사이버안보 담론과 안보화 이론: 한국의 사이버안보 상황 분석을 중심으로조원선한국국방연구원 · 국방정책연구2017 · 제33권 제2호사이버 공간의 평화 개념 모색과 실천적 접근 방향윤정현, 이수연세종연구소 · 국가전략2024 · 제30권 제1호사이버 안보 국제규범의 세계정치: 글로벌 질서변환의 프레임 경쟁김상배세종연구소 · 국가전략2017 · 제23권 제3호비전통안보 이슈의 국제정치: 사이버안보 위협에 대한 대응전략을 중심으로유호근한국세계지역학회 · 세계지역연구논총2019 · 제37권 제1호국제정치학적 관점에서의 사이버안보 논의와 국가차원의 대응전략홍석훈국가안보전략연구원 · 국가안보와 전략2019 · 제19권 제2호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (4건)

이주에 관한 국제협력과 동아시아 이주 거버넌스 구축의 가능성이병하pp. 7-43형제복지원사건 진상규명운동의 등장: 당사자운동주체 형성에서 지식인 활동가의 역할을 중심으로최종숙pp. 81-119잠재적 전략적 행위장 이론: 촛불집회 사례를 중심으로임동균pp. 121-156동북아 난민문제의 정치외교적 대응격차이신화pp. 157-198
원문 보기