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두꺼운 트리플 헬릭스: 연구중심대학과 지역혁신체제의 역동적 전환

Thick Triple Helix: Research University and the Dynamic Turn of Regional Innovation Systems

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주제분류사회학

초록

지역혁신체제는 과학기술사회학과 대학사회학에서 30여 년간 논의된 중요한 주제다. 지역혁신체제에서 가장 중요한 행위자는 대학, 기업, 정부다. 이 세 행위자를 통합하여 지역혁신체제를 설명하는 방식을 트리플 헬릭스(Triple Helix) 또는 산학관 연계라고 부른다. 이 논문은 지역혁신체제의 성공은 얇은 트리플 헬릭스(Thin Triple Helix)와 대비되는 두꺼운 트리플 헬릭스(Thick Triple Helix)에 있음을 강조한다. 이 논문은 특히 지역혁신체제의 전범으로 평가받는 대표적인 미국의 연구중심대학과 지역혁신체제를 중심으로 트리플 헬릭스의 ‘역동적 전환’(dynamic turn)을 설명하고 두꺼운 트리플 헬릭스의 형성이 지역혁신체제 성공의 핵심이라고 설명한다. 따라서 이 논문은 역사적 사례연구를 중심적인 접근법으로 택한다. 결론적으로 이 논문은 지역혁신체제의 성공은 연구중심대학, 기업, 정부의 누적적이고 창의적인 상호작용에 의한 ‘두꺼운 트리플 헬릭스’의 형성에 달려 있다고 강조한다.

Abstract

The regional innovation system is an important topic that has been discussed in the sociology of science and technology and the sociology of university for over 30 years. The most important actors in the regional innovation system are universities, corporations, and governments. The method of integrating these three actors to explain the regional innovation system is called the Triple Helix or industryacademia- government linkage. This paper emphasizes that the success of the regional innovation system lies in the thick triple helix as opposed to the thin triple helix. In particular, this paper explains the ‘dynamic turn’ of the triple helix, focusing on representative research universities and regional innovation systems in the United States, which are evaluated as models of regional innovation systems, and the formation of a thick triple helix is the key to the success of regional innovation systems. Therefore, this paper adopts historical case studies as its central approach. In conclusion, this paper emphasizes that a successful regional innovation system depends on the formation of a ‘thick triple helix’ by the cumulative and creative interaction of research universities, corporations, and government.

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