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건강관련 식품표시가 구매 전 품질평가와 제품 사용 및 구매태도, 구매의도에 미치는 영향: 계획적 행동이론을 바탕으로

Effects of Health-Related Food Labeling on Quality Assessment Before Purchase, Attitudes towards Using and Purchasing Products, and Purchase Intentions Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

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초록

소비자는 건강식품을 구매할 때, 건강관련 식품표시 뿐 아니라, 제품의 맛과 가격을 함께 고려하고, 과거구매경험과 주변 사람들의 의견에 영향을 받는다. 본 연구는 이러한 점에 초점을 맞추어 계획적 행동이론의모형에 맛, 건강 기대도와 가격수용도 등의 구매 전 품질평가 변수와 제품사용태도, 과거구매경험 변수를추가하고, 구조방정식모형 분석을 통해 제품 선택 시 건강관련 식품표시의 영향을 살펴보았다. 건강관련 식품표시는 유기가공표시, 영양강조표시, 식품첨가물표시로 구성하였고, 자녀용으로 슬라이스 치즈를 월 1회이상 구입하는 기혼여성 300명을 대상으로 온라인으로 설문조사를 수행하였다. 본 연구결과, 건강관련 식품표시에 대한 인식은 맛과 건강에 대한 기대와 가격수용도를 높여 제품사용및 구매태도와 구매의도에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 특히, 건강관련 식품표시를 인식하는 것만으로도 별도의품질평가 없이 제품사용에 대한 호의적 태도가 형성되는 것으로 나타났다. 가격수용도는 제품사용 및 구매태도에, 과거구매경험은 제품사용 및 구매태도와 구매의도에 직접적으로 정적인 영향을 미쳐 계획적 행동이론 확장모형의 주요 변수로 파악되었다. 또한, 구매의도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 변수는 제품구매태도로나타났고, 지각된 행동통제의 구매의도에 대한 영향은 유의하지 않았다. 본 연구는 계획적 행동이론을 기반으로 맛, 가격 등 구매 전 품질평가와 과거구매경험 변수를 포함하여 건강관련 식품표시와 제품선택에 대한새로운 이론적 틀을 구축하였다는 점에서 의의가 크다.

Abstract

When consumers choose healthy foods, they base their buying decisions on health-related food labeling and quality assessment of taste, health, and price. Moreover, both purchase experience and opinions of family and friends affect consumer choices. Focusing on these points, this study examined the effects of health-related food labeling on consumer choices by adding two variables—quality assessment of taste, health, and price and purchase experience—to the model of the theory of planned behavior. We also used structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses. In the study,health-related food labeling includes organic labeling, nutrient claims, and food additive labeling. We conducted a mail survey among 300 married women who buy cheese slices for their children more than once a month. It was discovered that health-related food labeling positively affected the level of quality assessment of taste, health, and price, and consequently led to positive attitudes and purchase intentions. Particularly, health-related food labeling positively influenced attitude toward using products without assessing the quality of taste, health, and price. The level of quality assessment of price positively affected attitude toward using and purchasing products, and purchase experience positively affected attitude toward using and purchasing products, and purchase intentions. The relationship between attitude to purchasing products and purchase intentions was the most positive,and the relationship between perceived behavioral control and purchase intentions was not significant. Overall, this study essentially contributes to the development of a theoretical framework of food labeling and consumer choices, which includes quality assessment of taste, health, and price and purchase experience, by using the theory of planned behavior.

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