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지각된 성폭력 고정관념이 성폭력 후유증에 미치는 영향 - 피해자 자기비하의 매개 효과를 중심으로 -

The Influence of Perceived Societal Myth and Self-devaluatioation on Sexual Violence Victim’s Psychological Health

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초록

많은 성폭력 피해자들이 형사사법체계에서 뿐만 아니라, 가족, 주변인, 불특정 다수의 사람들로부터 공식적/비공식적인 2차 피해를 경험한다. 그동안 성폭력의 원인, 성폭력이 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 많았으나, 성폭력 사건 이후 사회적 통념 경험으로 인해 피해가 지속/심화되는 현상에 대한 경험적 연구는 부족하였다. 본 연구는 한국성폭력상담소에서 2014년 235명의 성폭력 피해자를 대상으로 설문조사한 결과를 바탕으로, 1) 성폭력 통념 경험이 성폭력 피해 후유증에 미치는 영향을 사건특성과 개인 수준 변인의 영향과 비교분석할 것이다. 이후 2)피해자의 자기비하가 사건 변인과 성폭력 통념 경험이 성폭력 후유증에 미치는 영향을 어떻게 매개하는지 살펴보고, 마지막으로 3)자기비하와 성폭력 후유증을 강화시키는 주변의 반응을 탐색한다. 결과적으로 사건 발생 자체의 특성도 중요하지만, 사건 이후 경험하는 성폭력 통념이 피해자들로 하여금 자기 자신을 비난하고 혐오하고 불신하게 하여 성폭력 후유증을 강화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 피해자를 망가진 존재인 것처럼 대하는 경우 피해자의 자기 혐오감이 강화되었고, 피해자의 요구가 무시되는 경우 피해자의 자기 불확신이 높아져 성폭력 후유증상이 더 많이 보고되었다.

Abstract

Because of societal myth toward sexual violence victimization, the victims often suffer from secondary victimization. Sexual violence victims internalize perceived social myths, devaluate themselves, so that the harmful influence of original incidence lasts longer. This study examines 1) How victim's psychological health is aggravated, in regard with the influence of secondary victimization, and 2) how victim's self-devaluation mediates the effects of both the first and secondary victimization on victim's psychological health. The results indicate that secondary sexual victimization accounts the most for victim's psychological health. Self-devaluation partially mediates the influence of both original and secondary victimization on victim's psychological health.

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