From Gender-Biased to Gender-Specific and Gender-Inclusive Words: A Corpus-Based Study
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The purpose of the present study is to gain insight into the trends in using SEAMAN and SEAFARER in maritime English and general English while tracking changing features in using gendered and gender-inclusive personal nouns in maritime English in order to investigate the popular gender-specific words used in contemporary English. We diachronically examine the frequency of some pre-determined terms such as seafarer, he, or she as well as the context by relying on the corpus-based approach. Gender-inclusive words like seafarer/s and he or she have been used in maritime English. In contrast, male-biased SEAMAN is still more frequently used than SEAFARER. Gender-specific words that refer to women began to appear in the 2000s in maritime English, and various forms like seawomen/female seafarers have appeared in contemporary English with compounds more popularly. Comparatively, gender-biased occupational nouns seem to gain more attention than gendered pronouns, which makes gender-inclusive occupational nouns adopted earlier than pronouns.
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to gain insight into the trends in using SEAMAN and SEAFARER in maritime English and general English while tracking changing features in using gendered and gender-inclusive personal nouns in maritime English in order to investigate the popular gender-specific words used in contemporary English. We diachronically examine the frequency of some pre-determined terms such as seafarer, he, or she as well as the context by relying on the corpus-based approach. Gender-inclusive words like seafarer/s and he or she have been used in maritime English. In contrast, male-biased SEAMAN is still more frequently used than SEAFARER. Gender-specific words that refer to women began to appear in the 2000s in maritime English, and various forms like seawomen/female seafarers have appeared in contemporary English with compounds more popularly. Comparatively, gender-biased occupational nouns seem to gain more attention than gendered pronouns, which makes gender-inclusive occupational nouns adopted earlier than pronouns.
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