상황판단검사에서 시나리오 효과를 통제한 탐색적 요인분석
Exploratory Factor Analysis on Situational Judgment Data after Controling for Scenario Effect
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초록
이 글에서는 상황판단의 방식으로 제작된 검사 자료에서 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하는 방식을 제시하였다. 상황판단 방식은 심리학에서 80여년의 역사를 가진 검사제작 방식이고, 산업 및 조직 장면에서 지난 20여 년 동안에 선발용 검사로 정착되었지만 아직은 구성개념을 추정하는데 많은 어려움을 극복하지 못한 상태이다. 그것은 상황판단검사에서 문항점수에 문항에 대한 반응 뿐 아니라 시나리오 효과가 함께 포함되어 있고, 내용적인 구조를 탐색하는 단계에서 시나리오 효과를 제거하고서 요인분석을 하는 것에 매우 큰 어려움이 있었기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 시나리오 효과를 제거하기 위하여 시나리오 내 문항들에서 측정오차 간 상관의 추정을 허용하는 탐색적 요인분석을 하였다. 즉, 시나리오 내 측정오차 간 상관을 추정하는 것과 나머지 부분에 대한 탐색적 요인분석을 하는 것을 동시에 수행함으로써, 분석 과정이 어느 한 쪽으로 편향되지 않는 방식인 탐색적 구조방정식 모형을 사용하였다. 그 결과로 시나리오 효과가 통제된 상태에서 요인이 탐색되어 앞으로 상황판단검사의 구성개념 타당화에 새로운 가능성을 제시하였다.
Abstract
We demonstrated how to perform exploratory factor analysis on situational judgment data of creative personality. Situational judgment test(SJT) has a long history of 80 years and has settled down in industrial/organizational settings for the last 20 years. However, we have not overcome the problem of estimating construct because item scores in SJT contain method effect generated by the scenarios as well as response scores to the substantive questions. We applied Asparouhov and Muthen’s(2009) logic of explorary structural equation modeling(ESEM) to open an approach to estimating common factor structures after controling for the method effect generated by scenarios. Using ESEM, it is possible to specify measurement error correlations in the frame of structural equation modeling and to use exploratory approach to factor analysis on the remaining part of data. As a result we could estimate a four-factor structure on data of 40 items with eight scenarios measuring creative personality of college students.
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