자기결정성이론에 기반한 성인 진로결정 동기의 측정과 동기 유형 구분
Measurement of adult career decision motivation based on Self-Determination Theory and Classification of motivation profiles
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구는 자기결정성이론에 기반하여 성인의 진로결정 동기 척도를 타당화한 후, 동기 요인들의 관련성을 군집분석을 통해 살펴보았다. 연구 1에서는 진로전환 경험이 있는 성인을 대상으로 진로결정 과정에서 행동을 조사하고 대표 행동 항목을 선별하였다. 연구 2에서는 선별된 성인 진로결정 행동 각각에 4개 동기 요인(외적동기, 내사동기, 동일시동기, 내적동기)을 대응시킨 척도를 구성하여, 진로전환 경험이 있는 성인 240명의 자료를 분석하였다. 성인 진로결정 과정의 주요 행동 6개에 4개 동기 요인을 대응시킨 24문항의 척도는 양호한 타당도와 신뢰도를 나타내었다. 연구 3에서는 군집분석을 사용하여 성인 진로결정 동기를 다차원적으로 분석하였다. 각 동기 요인들의 수준과 조합에 따라 ‘통제 동기 집단’, ‘동기저하 집단’, ‘자율 동기 집단’, ‘의욕 집단’으로 진로결정 동기 유형이 구분되었다. 다변량분석 결과, 의욕 집단이 경력적응성과 경력만족 변인에서 일관적으로 높은 수준을 보였고 동기저하 집단은 일관적으로 낮은 수준을 보였다. 자율동기 집단은 경력적응성은 높지만 경력만족에 있어서는 타 집단과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 성인의 진로결정에서 통제적 동기가 자율적 동기와 공존하며 긍정적인 결과를 가져올 수 있음을 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to validate the adult’s career decision motivation scale based on the self-determination theory, and examine the relation of motivation factors through cluster analysis. In Study 1, a sample of adults who have made career transitions participated, and scale items were selected based on interviews regarding their career decision making processes. In Study 2, selected items were rearranged into four motivation factors (external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, intrinsic motivation) and the constructed scale was conducted on a sample of 240 adults with career transition experience. Data analyzed reported good validity and reliability of the 24-item model consisting of four motivational factors for each of the six behavioral items. Study 3 reports the results of a cluster analysis using the adult career decision motivations scale. Four meaningful clusters were identified and career decision motivation types were classified as ‘control motivated’, ‘poorly motivated’, ‘self-determined’, and ‘strongly motivated’. The strongly motivated cluster showed high levels of career adaptability(CA) and career satisfaction(CS), and the poorly motivated cluster showed low levels of CA and CS. The self-determined cluster had high CA, but there was no significant difference in CS from other clusters. Finally, how controlled motivation and autonomous motiavation could coexist and bring positive results in the cuareer decision making process of adults was discussed.
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