Н. 고골의 희극 『검찰관(Ревизор)』의 풍자에 대한 고찰
A Study on the Satire of N. Gogol’s Comedy "The Inspector General"
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Satire is the linguistic confrontation with a threatening reality, in which the reader is to be included. In the satirical communication the roll of the readers is decisive, because a successful implementation of satirical intention depends on his grasping of the 'entirety'(threatening reality), that is reduced to the 'part'(satirical target or person) in the Text. In Gogol's play "The Inspector Genenal" the provincial town(уезд), where, as Gogol commented, all kinds of vice of Russia are collected, is a downsized space of the Russia. In the play two spaces are mentioned: the one is the provincial town, where the dramatis personae act. The other is the capital of Russia, St. Petersburg, which is parodied by Khlestakov's comical, absurd, grotesque words. In spite of the spatial distance and the difference in size they have the bureaucracy (incompetence and corruption) in common, what expands the possibility and range of Satire of the play: from the provincial county to St. Petersburg. The character composition of the play is based on the binarism 'Mayor - Khlestakov', who are not only subordinated to the bureaucracy, but also expose bureaucratic problems of the town. Especially the discrepancy between the appearance and nature, which is revealed in Mayor's speech and behaviour, provides the chance of the laugh and satire. The comic situation, on which the plot of the play is built, does not guarantee the total comic of "The Inspector Genenal"; the discussion model, petition model, grotesque and the mute scene interrupt the happy and funny mood of the comedy, but offer the reader and audience the moment of reflection on the threatening reality, with which the author wanted to confront. In the comments on his play "The Inspector Genenal" Gogol restricted the range of the Satire to the corruption of some government officials or vices of the individuals, what resulted in the exception of the Emperor Nikolay's government from the satirical criticism. Gogol's interpretation and explanation of his own play and his authority as the writer should be respected, but they should reduce the satirical value and function of his play and, as a result, restrict and disturb the various, free receptions of the reader and audience.
Abstract
Satire is the linguistic confrontation with a threatening reality, in which the reader is to be included. In the satirical communication the roll of the readers is decisive, because a successful implementation of satirical intention depends on his grasping of the 'entirety'(threatening reality), that is reduced to the 'part'(satirical target or person) in the Text. In Gogol's play "The Inspector Genenal" the provincial town(уезд), where, as Gogol commented, all kinds of vice of Russia are collected, is a downsized space of the Russia. In the play two spaces are mentioned: the one is the provincial town, where the dramatis personae act. The other is the capital of Russia, St. Petersburg, which is parodied by Khlestakov's comical, absurd, grotesque words. In spite of the spatial distance and the difference in size they have the bureaucracy (incompetence and corruption) in common, what expands the possibility and range of Satire of the play: from the provincial county to St. Petersburg. The character composition of the play is based on the binarism 'Mayor - Khlestakov', who are not only subordinated to the bureaucracy, but also expose bureaucratic problems of the town. Especially the discrepancy between the appearance and nature, which is revealed in Mayor's speech and behaviour, provides the chance of the laugh and satire. The comic situation, on which the plot of the play is built, does not guarantee the total comic of "The Inspector Genenal"; the discussion model, petition model, grotesque and the mute scene interrupt the happy and funny mood of the comedy, but offer the reader and audience the moment of reflection on the threatening reality, with which the author wanted to confront. In the comments on his play "The Inspector Genenal" Gogol restricted the range of the Satire to the corruption of some government officials or vices of the individuals, what resulted in the exception of the Emperor Nikolay's government from the satirical criticism. Gogol's interpretation and explanation of his own play and his authority as the writer should be respected, but they should reduce the satirical value and function of his play and, as a result, restrict and disturb the various, free receptions of the reader and audience.
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