시간의 분할과 러시아어 시간부사 : быстро, медленно를 중심으로

Abstract

In this paper I searched the previous researches on Russian time adverb быстро. I divided быстро into three sub-types быстро1, быстро2, быстро3 by their reference points and time intervals. Быстро1 focuses on the speed and/or intensiveness of the movements or situations from the reference point of observers. Even though the reference points or time intervals for　быстро1 are not explicitly expressed, movements or situations for быстро1 are considered dynamic. Медлеленно1 becomes the most appropriate antonym of быстро1, in that it focuses on the slow speed of movements or situations. And they are naturally used with imperfective aspect in that they pay attention to the process of movements or situations. Быстро2 keeps an eye on whether the situations lasted to the last point or border line of time interval. And the last point or the border line is expected to reach in advance by observers. So the movements or situations for быстро2 have a character as an accomplishment. Медленно2 possible antonym of быстро2 play their part completely only in the case that the movements or situations for Медленно2 reach their borderlines of time interval in a very short time. Быстро3, unlike the other two types, sets a new time interval next to the current time interval. It tries to minimize the time gap between its reference point and the starting point of new situation. Медленно3 cannot be an antonym of быстро3. because of the minimized time gap. So transition from быстро1 to быстро3 through быстро2 has linear feature, and time for them is divided in a row, and speaker’s focus moves from the middle of current time interval to the end of the current time interval and finally to the starting point of the new time interval.