만주어의 친족 명칭 연구

Abstract

In this paper, we have described the Manchu kinship terminology appearing in seven Manchu dictionaries which were written from 17th century to 18th century. The characteristics of Manchu kinship terminology are as follows: 1. Manchu kinship terms are determined by generation, age, sex, lineage, the degree of kinship etc. 2. The kinship terms of the paternal line are more developed than the maternal and the wife's line. 3. Terms of appellation are not distinguished from that of designation in Manchu. However, this may be due to insufficient sources. 4. As times went by, Manchu kinship terminology was changed, that is, new terms were added or took the place of old ones. 5. There are kinship terms whose meanings are divided according to vowel harmony, for example, ama ‘father’ vs. eme ‘mother’, nakcu ‘mother's brother’ vs. nekcu ‘the wife of one's mother's brothers’, dehema ‘husband of mother's sister’ vs. deheme ‘mother's younger sister’, amha ‘wife's father’ vs. emhe ‘wife's mother’, naca ‘wife's elder brother’ vs. nece ‘wife of one's wife's elder brother’, naya ‘younger brother of one's wife’ vs. neye ‘wife of one's wife's younger brother’.