Multifaceted Phonological Characteristics of /g/ in Mongolic Languages
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The /g/ sound is a common sound in Mongolic languages. However, its phonetic and phonological status is not necessarily clear. This study claims that the Mongolic /g/ has characteristics of obstruent, sonorant, and glide, and whether /g/ is closer to obstruent or to glide varies across languages. This complexity is manifested by its phonetic realization, coda constraint, and behavior as an epenthetic consonant. In some Mongolic languages, /g/ is normally realized as a stop, which is a typical segment of obstruents, while the intervocalic /g/ can be pronounced with voicing and spirantization, as well as with clear formant structure, like a sonorant or glide. As for the coda constraint, some languages prohibit /g/ from occurring at the coda position, although the languages permit sonorant codas. On the contrary, in other languages, /g/ can form a coda with the following consonant, which is more parallel to sonorants than to obstruents. Moreover, in many Mongolic languages, /g/ is epenthesized between two vowels in order to avoid a hiatus. This behavior of /g/ can be explained by supposing that /g/ is phonologically a glide with no place feature.
Abstract
The /g/ sound is a common sound in Mongolic languages. However, its phonetic and phonological status is not necessarily clear. This study claims that the Mongolic /g/ has characteristics of obstruent, sonorant, and glide, and whether /g/ is closer to obstruent or to glide varies across languages. This complexity is manifested by its phonetic realization, coda constraint, and behavior as an epenthetic consonant. In some Mongolic languages, /g/ is normally realized as a stop, which is a typical segment of obstruents, while the intervocalic /g/ can be pronounced with voicing and spirantization, as well as with clear formant structure, like a sonorant or glide. As for the coda constraint, some languages prohibit /g/ from occurring at the coda position, although the languages permit sonorant codas. On the contrary, in other languages, /g/ can form a coda with the following consonant, which is more parallel to sonorants than to obstruents. Moreover, in many Mongolic languages, /g/ is epenthesized between two vowels in order to avoid a hiatus. This behavior of /g/ can be explained by supposing that /g/ is phonologically a glide with no place feature.
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