복숭아 “백도” 품질 증진을 위한 염화칼슘의 엽면살포 효과
Effect of Foliar Sprays of CaCl2 for Improving Fruit Quality of “Baekdo” Peach Fruit
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초록
복숭아 백도 품종에 칼슘의 효과를 평가하기 위해 CaCl2을 포장에서 엽면시비 하였다. 엽면시비는 CaCl2 단용 살포와 CaCl2(Ca: 400 mg. kg-1) 과 보조제(amino acid: 2 g. kg-1, phytic acid: 2 ml. kg-1 및 wood vinegar: 2 g. kg-1)를 혼용하여 6월 21부터 7월 4일까지 7일 간격으로 4번 살포하였다. 수확기에 잎과 과실에 Ca함량, 과실 강도, 당도, Monilinia fructicola에 의한 잿빛무늬병을 조사하였다. 저장 과실의 품질조사는 실온에서 14동안 저장 후 Ca 함량, 과실의 강도, 당도 및 자연부패 율을 조사하였다. 수확기 잎과 과실에 Ca 함량은 CaCl2+amino acid 처리구에서 가장 높았으나(P=0.05), 과피에 Ca 함량은 처리구간에 유의차이가 없었다. 과실경도는 CaCl2+amino acid 처리구에서 가장 높았다(P=0.05). 실온에서 14일 저장기간 중 자연부패(Rhizopus stolonifers)에 의한 부패 율은 CaCl2+wood vinegar 처리구에서 가장 낮았다. 과실의 경도는 CaCl2와 보조제를 혼용 처리한 구에서 높았다. 포장에서 잿빛무늬병의 발생 억제 율과 잿빛무늬병원균(Monilinia fructicola)으로 인공 접종한 실내시험에서 발병 억제 율을 조사한 결과 CaCl2+phytic acid과 CaCl2+amino acid 처리한 구에서 가장 효과가 높았다. 이들 결과는 과실의 칼슘함량 과 과실경도 증가, 병 발생 억제 및 자연부패 방지는 CaCl2과 보조제를 혼용하여 엽면 살포할 경우 정의 상관관계가 있다는 것을 제시하고자 한다.
Abstract
To evaluate the effectiveness of the foliar spray of calcium on “Baekdo” peach fruit, we carried out experiments in the orchards. The sprays were applied with CaCl2 (Ca: 400 mg. kg-1) and CaCl2 with adjuvants (amino acid, 2 g. kg-1; phytic acid, 2 ml. kg-1 and wood vinegar, 2 ml. kg-1) for four times from June 12 through July 4 at weekly intervals. The fruits and leaves were evaluated for Ca content, firmness and incidence of Brown rot caused by Monilinia fructicola at harvest. To evaluate fruit quality included Ca content, firmness natural decay during the storage, the fruits were stored at room temperature for 14 days. The Ca content in leaf and fruit flesh at harvest was significantly increased (P=0.05) in CaCl2 + amino acid treatment among CaCl2 treatments. However, there was not significant Ca content in fruit peel. The firmness of flesh increased significantly (P=0.05) in CaCl2 + amino acid treatment. The natural decay (Rhizopus stolonifers) during storage at the room temperature for 14 days, the fruit treated with CaCl2 + wood vinegar exhibited lowest (P=0.05) incidence. Also, the firmness of the fruit during storage was firmer with treated CaCl2 than untreated fruit. In the treatments of CaCl2 + phytic acid and CaCl2 + amino acid, it was possible to reduce incidence of Brown rot caused by M. fructicola most effectively in the field. In addition, inoculation with M. fructicola in fruits was also the most effective treatment for inhibiting disease development in vitro. These results suggested that the foliar spray of CaCl2 with adjuvants increased the content of Ca and firmness of the fruits positively. It also inhibited the natural decay and the Brown rot effectively.
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