수산화칼슘 엽면살포가 ‘대월’ 복숭아의 신초 생육 및 과실 품질에 미치는 영향
Effects of Foliar Spray of Calcium Hydroxide on Shoot Growth and Fruit Quality in ‘Daewol’ Peach (Prunus persica <L.> Batsch)
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초록
과실비대기 중에 수산화칼슘의 엽면살포가 ‘대월’ 복숭아의 수체생육 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실험을 수행하였다. 적과 후수산화칼슘 1, 2, 5, 10 g․L-1을 일주일 간격으로 엽면살포한 결과, 신초생장은 대조구에 비해 현저히 억제되었다. 신초 기부로부터 5번째 잎의 엽색도를 측정한 결과, 수산화칼슘 엽면살포구에서 평균 42.1 SCDSV로 대조구의 40.9 SCDSV보다 높게 나타났으며, 광합성률은 수산화칼슘을 고농도로 처리할수록 크게 증가하였다. 과실 품질을 조사한 결과, 과중은 고농도의 수산화칼슘을 처리할수록 유의하게 증가하였다. 당 함량은 대조구가 8.78 ˚Brix로 가장 낮았던 반면, 수산화칼슘 처리구에서 9.17, 9.22, 9.71, 10.58 ˚Brix로 고농도로 처리할수록 증가하였다. 산도와 안토시아닌 함량은 모든 처리구에서 유의성이 인정되지 않았으며 과피와 과육의 경도는 고농도의 수산화칼슘 처리에 의해 유의하게 증가하였다. 잎의 형태적 관찰 결과, 대조구의 책상조직(63.5 ㎛)에 비하여, 수산화칼슘 처리구는 86.5, 87.5, 93.6, 107.4 ㎛로 처리농도가 높을수록 조직이 건전하게 유지되고 잎의 두께 또한 증가하였다. 과실의 표피와 하피의 세포벽을 관찰한 결과, 수산화칼슘 엽면살포에 의해 세포벽의 두께가 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.
Abstract
The effects of foliar spray of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) during fruit growth period was investigated by changes of the shoot growth and fruit quality in ‘Daewol’ peach (Prunus persica). Since foliar spray of Ca(OH)2 1, 2, 5, and 10 g‧L-1 at 7 day-intervals after fruit thinning, shoot growth was remarkably decreased compared with control group. An average SPAD value of fifth leaf from proximal part of the shoot was higher as 42.1 specific color difference sensor value (SCDSV) of Ca(OH)2 foliar spraying treatments than 40.9 SCDSV of control group. Photosynthesis rates were also significantly increased by treating Ca(OH)2 of higher concentration. Among fruit characteristics affecting quality, fruit weight was increased depending on concentration of Ca(OH)2 treatment. The soluble solids content was lowest in control group (8.78 ˚Brix) compare with higher concentrations of Ca(OH)2 foliar spraying treatment in each 9.17, 9.22, 9.71, 10.58 ˚Brix. The acidity and anthocyanin contents were no significant differences among treatment, but firmness of pericarp and flesh of fruits was significantly increased by Ca(OH)2 foliar spray treatment. As a results of morphological observation of leaf, thickness of palisade parenchyma was thinner in control group (63.5 ㎛) than those of each 86.5, 87.5, 93.6, 107.4 ㎛ in Ca(OH)2 foliar spraying treatment. Higher Ca(OH)2 foliar spray also increased the thickness of cell wall of epidermis and hypodermis in ‘Daewol’ fruit.
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