수원지역 빗물의 중금속 함량 평가
Wet Deposition of Heavy metals in Suwon Area
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참고문헌
초록
수원지역 영농기 빗물의 중금속 농도 및 부하특성을 구명하기 위하여 2002과 2003년 4～10월 사이에 빗물을 채수하여 빗물의 중금속 분포와 가중평균 변화, 화학성분과의 관계 및 부하정도를 비교 검토하였다. 빗물 중 화학성분 함량은 조사 시기에 따라 함량변이가 심하였고, 강우량 대비 pH의 가중평균은 4.7～5.5 수준이었다. 빗물의 중금속 가중평균은 Zn>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cr>As>Cd 순이었고, 2002년과 비교하여 2003년에 Cd, Cu 및 As 성분이 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 강우중의 주 이온성분과 중금속 함량의 관계는 모든 성분에서 정의 상관을 보였고, 상관계수로 볼 때 As, Cd, Cu, Zn 및 Ni 성분이 Pb 및 Cr보다 상대적으로 상관성이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 강우중의 중금속 농도분포를 이해하기 위하여 부하계수(Enrichment factors)를 조사한 결과, 부하계수 평균치가 대체로 Cd>Pb>As>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr 순이었고, 주로 자연적 발생 유래원소로 알려진 Fe, Mg 및 Ca 등보다 상대적으로 높은 경향을 보였다. 월별 빗물의 중금속 부하계수는 봄철인 4～5월이 높았고, 중금속의 습식침적은 대체로 강우량의 영향을 받아 강우기인 6-8월에 높은 경향을 보였다.
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the distribution and burden characteristics of heavy metals in the rainwater sampled at Suwon area, in the middle part of Korea, from April 2002 to October 2003. The relationship between concentration of heavy metal and other chemical properties in the rainwater was also evaluated. Chemical properties in the rainwater were various differences with raining periods and years. It appeared that a weighted average pH of rainwater was ranged from 4.7 to 5.5. Heavy metal concentrations in the rainwater were ranked as Zn>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cr>As>Cd. As compared with heavy metal concentrations of rainwater in 2002, Cd, Cu and As were higher than other elements in 2003. There were positive correlation between major ionic components, such as Ca, Mg, and K, and heavy metal concentrations of rainwater, and As, Cd, Cu, Zn and Ni were relatively higher relationship than Pb and Cr in respective to correlation coefficient. For heavy metal distribution of rainwater, the order of average enrichment factors was Cd>Pb>AS>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr, and these were relatively higher than the natural components such as Fe, Mg and Ca. The monthly enrichment factors were relatively high in the spring (from April to May) at Suwon. The monthly amount of heavy metal precipitation was high in the rainy season from June to August because of great influence of rainfall.
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