염류집적 비닐하우스 토양의 교환성 양이온 측정
Measurement of Exchangeable Cations in Salt Accumulated Vinyl Greenhouse Soils
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BACKGROUND: Although 1 M NH4OAc (pH 7.0) is predominantly used as the extractant of exchangeable cations in agricultural soils, this method is unsuitable for extracting the cations in saline and calcareous soils. This study was performed to select a proper method to determine exchangeable cations in vinyl greenhouse soils. METHODS AND RESULTS: Exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na) in saline vinyl greenhouse soils were determined after extraction with 1 M NH4OAc (pH 7.0 and 8.5) and 1 M alcoholic NH4Cl (pH 8.5). Sum of exchangeable cations of the soils extracted with 1 M NH4OAc at pH 7.0 was 1.9-2.5 times greater than soil cation exchange capaity determined at pH 7.0, even though soluble salts were pre-removed. A similar result was found when the cations were extracted with 1 M NH4OAc at pH 8.5. Those results are mostly due to the overestimation of exchangeable Ca and Mg, linked to a partial dissolution of sparingly soluble salts in NH4OAc solution. When extracted with 1 M alcoholic NH4Cl at pH 8.5, extractable Ca and Mg decreased significantly due to the lower solubility of Ca and Mg carbonates in the extractant. And the sum of exchangeable cations was very close to the corresponding exchange capacity of soils. CONCLUSION: Alcoholic NH4Cl (pH 8.5) is proposed as a reliable extractant in determination of exchangeable cations in saline vinyl greenhouse soils. And soluble salts should be removed prior to the extraction of exchangeable cations.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although 1 M NH4OAc (pH 7.0) is predominantly used as the extractant of exchangeable cations in agricultural soils, this method is unsuitable for extracting the cations in saline and calcareous soils. This study was performed to select a proper method to determine exchangeable cations in vinyl greenhouse soils. METHODS AND RESULTS: Exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na) in saline vinyl greenhouse soils were determined after extraction with 1 M NH4OAc (pH 7.0 and 8.5) and 1 M alcoholic NH4Cl (pH 8.5). Sum of exchangeable cations of the soils extracted with 1 M NH4OAc at pH 7.0 was 1.9-2.5 times greater than soil cation exchange capaity determined at pH 7.0, even though soluble salts were pre-removed. A similar result was found when the cations were extracted with 1 M NH4OAc at pH 8.5. Those results are mostly due to the overestimation of exchangeable Ca and Mg, linked to a partial dissolution of sparingly soluble salts in NH4OAc solution. When extracted with 1 M alcoholic NH4Cl at pH 8.5, extractable Ca and Mg decreased significantly due to the lower solubility of Ca and Mg carbonates in the extractant. And the sum of exchangeable cations was very close to the corresponding exchange capacity of soils. CONCLUSION: Alcoholic NH4Cl (pH 8.5) is proposed as a reliable extractant in determination of exchangeable cations in saline vinyl greenhouse soils. And soluble salts should be removed prior to the extraction of exchangeable cations.
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