말똥성게(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)의 초기배아 발생과 glutathione S-transferase (GST)의 발현에 대한 bisphenol A의 영향
Effect of Bisphenol A on Early Embryonic Development and the Expression of Glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the Sea Urchin (Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)
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초록
In this study, gametotoxicity and embryotoxicity experiments using Hemicentrotuspulcherrimus were carried out to investigate the ecotoxicological effects of bisphenol A (BPA). Weexamined the effects of BPA on fertilization and normal embryogenesis at various concentrations(0, 300, 500, 800, 1000, and 1500 ppb). The results demonstrated that the fertilization rates werenot changed. The normal embryogenesis rates were gradually decreased in a dose-dependentmanner, and were significantly lowered following 800 ppb BPA treatment (EC50=1056.1 ppb, 95%Cl=981.8~1163.9 ppb). The observed effective concentration and the lowest observed effectiveconcentration of the normal embryogenesis rate were 500 ppb and 800 ppb, respectively. Theembryos showed retarded development at each tested concentration, indicating the fact theembryonic development was delayed due to the increasing concentrations of BPA. Furthermore,we examined the expression of glutathione S-transferase (GST) mRNA at various concentrationsof BPA in H. pulcherrimus. Interestingly, it was found that the expression level of GST mRNAwas significantly increased in the experimental group exposed to BPA. Based on these results, wesuggested that BPA at greater than 800 ppb has a toxic effect during the early embryonic stages ofH. pulcherrimus, and GST mRNA may be used as a biomarker for risk assessment of BPA contamination.
Abstract
In this study, gametotoxicity and embryotoxicity experiments using Hemicentrotuspulcherrimus were carried out to investigate the ecotoxicological effects of bisphenol A (BPA). Weexamined the effects of BPA on fertilization and normal embryogenesis at various concentrations(0, 300, 500, 800, 1000, and 1500 ppb). The results demonstrated that the fertilization rates werenot changed. The normal embryogenesis rates were gradually decreased in a dose-dependentmanner, and were significantly lowered following 800 ppb BPA treatment (EC50=1056.1 ppb, 95%Cl=981.8~1163.9 ppb). The observed effective concentration and the lowest observed effectiveconcentration of the normal embryogenesis rate were 500 ppb and 800 ppb, respectively. Theembryos showed retarded development at each tested concentration, indicating the fact theembryonic development was delayed due to the increasing concentrations of BPA. Furthermore,we examined the expression of glutathione S-transferase (GST) mRNA at various concentrationsof BPA in H. pulcherrimus. Interestingly, it was found that the expression level of GST mRNAwas significantly increased in the experimental group exposed to BPA. Based on these results, wesuggested that BPA at greater than 800 ppb has a toxic effect during the early embryonic stages ofH. pulcherrimus, and GST mRNA may be used as a biomarker for risk assessment of BPA contamination.
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