2000년 이후 북한시장의 발전요인에 관한 분석- 회령지역 시장의 사례를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This study tried analyses on developmental factors of the North Korea market after 2000 centering on Hoeryeong Market, North Hamgyeong Province by taking notice on gaps and differences through various empirical data such as image data of inner North Korea, satellite data, in-depth interviews with North Korean defectors, investigations on North-China border, and space literatures etc. As the result, North Korea market has been evolved and developed by following factors. First, North Korea market has been made institutionally in 2000s if considering the development of North Korea market as being occurred spontaneously in midst of economic disorders. This could be known from inward and outward changing processes of Hoeryeong Market. This matter backs up a fact that North Korea’s authorities are rather recognizing the market as official existences instead of control’s objects as contrary movements with restricting measures having been implemented periodically by them after 2005. Second, such developments of Hoeryeong Market have been made dynamically according to time’s passages, not being fixed to one place. That is, Hoeryeong Market has been developed through spatial movements, and possibilities of economic interests’ intervention are high from local policy makers. Besides, market taxes having been collected by the market bureau are distributed for salaries of government officials. Thus, the space called market creates land rents, and becomes to get elasticity of being developed into important existences inevitably. Third, these dynamic mechanisms are accelerated more by gaps and differences that are flown at the market inside. National price and market one are being existed together, and means of production such as money, manpower, things, and information etc have been leaned upon the market as much as estrangement between dual prices becomes larger. Moreover, tickets of the personal consignment sale make price’s differences by shops according to accessible easiness of consumers, and lease sales are being made like real estates. In addition, information’s gaps were occurred between subjects of market transactions within North Korea markets, and jobs of earning moneys by using it between purchasers and sellers too. In this regard, the space called market will become a factor of deciding resident’s forms of life by being connected with their livings and becoming a barometer of policy decisions as sources of local economic developments.