치매환자 보호자에 의해서 보고된 알츠하이머치매와 혈관치매의 증상: 한국판 치매설문지 제작을 위한 기초연구
Symptoms of the Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia Reported by Caregivers: A Preliminary Study in the Construction of a Korean Dementia Questionnaire (KDQ)
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초록
노인인구의 증가와 더불어 치매 환자의 수도 급격히 증가하고 있으며 따라서 치매환자를 간편하게 선별할 수 있는 검사도구의 필요성이 강력히 대두되고 있다. 본 연구는 한국판 치매설문지(Korean Dementia Questionnaire, KDQ)를 구성할 문항을 선정하기 위한 기초연구로서 설문지의 응답자가 될 환자 보호자들과의 면접을 통해서 실생활에서 관찰되는 치매환자들의 증상이 무엇인지를 경험적으로 조사하였다. 연구에는 86명의 알츠하이머병 환자(AD)의 보호자와 57명의 혈관치매(VD) 환자의 보호자가 참여하였다. 면접을 통해서 환자 보호자들이 보고한 치매 증상은 총 299종류였으며 이 증상들을 33개의 항목으로 요약하여 KDQ의 예비문항으로 선정하였다. 이 33개의 예비문항들이 치매의 유무뿐만 아니라 치매유형과 심각도에 따른 증상차이를 반영할 수 있는지 확인하기 위하여 33개 문항을 중심으로 알츠하이머치매와 혈관치매 집단의 증상들을 비교하였다. 그 결과 본 연구에서 설문지의 예비항목으로 선정된 문항들이 치매의 유무뿐만 아니라 변별진단과 치매의 심각도에 대해서도 중요한 기초 자료를 제공할 수 있음이 시사되었다.
Abstract
As the number of elderly people increases, so does the number of dementia patients. There has never been a stronger imperative to develop instruments for dementia screening. The present study represents a preliminary stage in the construction of a Korean Dementia Questionnaire (KDQ) for use in the screening of dementia in clinical settings or epidemiological surveys. The family members of 86 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 57 patients with vascular dementia (VD) were interviewed individually. They were asked to report the cognitive, emotional, and physical symptoms that they had observed in their everyday contact with their patient relatives. A total of 299 dementia symptoms were reported by family members are reviewed, and 33 items were selected as preliminary items for the KDQ. When these 33 items were used to compare symptoms observed in AD and VD, valuable information was provided about the differentiation and severity of these two types of dementia. The results confirmed the clinical validity and utility of a KDQ consisting of 33 items selected in the present study. The need for a follow-up study to collect normative data on healthy elderly subjects is indicated, if the KDQ is to be used as an effective screening tool for dementia.
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