우울한 기분에 대한 반응양식과 에세이 작성처치가 우울변화에 미치는 영향
The Influences of Response Style to Depressed Mood and Essay Writing Treatment on Changes in Depressed Mood
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구는 우울에 대한 반추적 및 반성적 반응양식집단이 에세이작성 처치조건에 따라 우울기분의 변화가 어떻게 다른지, 그리고 참가자들이 작성한 에세이 내용이 반응양식집단 및 에세이 처치조건 별로 어떠한 차이를 보이는 지를 검토하였다. 우울한 기분에 대한 반응양식 질문지 점수에 기초하여 반추적 및 반성적 반응양식집단별로 선발된 각 32명의 대학생들, 총 64명의 대학생들의 실험 자료가 최종 분석되었다. 먼저 실험참가자들의 기저선 기분을 측정하고 어휘력 과제를 실시한 직후 그 결과에 대한 부정적 피드백을 제공하여 우울기분을 유도하였다. 그 후, 부정적 피드백 경험에 초점을 둔 에세이와 그 경험과 무관한 중립에세이 처치조건에 각 집단의 참가자들을 무선 할당하였다. 연구 결과, 반추적 및 반성적 반응양식집단 양자 모두 에세이작성 후 우울기분이 호전되었으나, 이러한 기분의 호전정도에 대한 반응양식과 에세이 작성처치의 주효과는 둘 다 유의미하지 않았다. 하지만, 중립에세이 처치조건에서는 반추적 반응양식집단이 반성적 반응양식집단보다 우울호전 정도가 유의미하게 더 큰 경향을 보인 반면에, 초점에세이 처치조건에서는 두 집단 간 차이가 유의미하지 않았다. 초점에세이 처치조건에 속한 참가자들의 에세이 내용을 분석한 결과, 두 반응양식집단 모두 부정적인 내용의 빈도가 높았으나, 문제 해결적 및 긍정적인 내용의 빈도의 경우 반성적 반응양식집단이 반추적 반응양식집단보다 유의미하게 더 높았다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 제한점 및 의의에 관해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of response styles and essay writing treatments on changes in depressed mood and the contents of essays. The participants were 64 college students, who were divided into either ruminative or reflective response style groups, based on their scores on the Responses to Depressed Mood Questionnaire. All were given false negative feedback about their performance on a vocabulary test to induce a moderately depressed mood. The participants were then randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions designed either to focus on the negative feedback or to distract from that by writing essays. The results indicated that main effects of both response style and essay writing treatment on improvements in depressed mood were not significant. However, while in the failure experience-focused condition there was no difference in mood improvement between the two response style groups, there was a marginally significant difference in the neutral condition with the ruminative response style group showing greater improvements in depressed mood than the reflective response style group. A content analysis of the essays in the failure experience-focused condition indicated that the reflective response style group showed both problem-solving and positive contents more frequently than the ruminative response style group. While both of the groups produced a high frequency of negative content, the differences in frequency of negative content were not significant. Finally, the limitations and implications of the present study were discussed.
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