학업크래프팅 척도 타당화: 온라인과 오프라인 대학생을 중심으로
Validation of the Study Crafting Questionnaire(SCQ) among Online and Offline University Students
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본 연구의 목적은 학습자들의 긍정적인 학업 경험 및 전반적인 삶의 질 증진을 위한 구체적 전략의 하나로 학업크래프팅의 개념을 제안하고 학업크래프팅 척도를 타당화 하는 것이다. 기존에 일의 맥락에서 직업인들을 대상으로 제안된 잡크래프팅 개념을 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 학업크래프팅을 학습자가 주도적으로 학업과 관련된 요소들을 숙고하고 변화시킴으로써 자신의 학업을 더욱 의미있게 만드는 전략으로 정의하였다. 또한, 직장인을 대상으로 타당화 된 한국판 잡크래프팅 척도를 학업 맥락에 적절하도록 수정한 후 타당화 하였다. 국내 4년제 오프라인 대학생 214명과 4년제 온라인 대학생 519명의 표본을 활용하여 교육 및 심리검사 표준서(Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing, 2014)에서 명시하고 있는 다섯 가지의 타당도 근거들을 수집하였다. 연구 결과, 학업크래프팅 척도의 문항들은 3요인 모형(과제크래프팅, 인지크래프팅, 관계크래프팅)을 지지하였으며, 학업만족, 학업의미, 삶의 만족, 삶의 의미와 정적 상관을 보였다. 또한, 모든 문항에서 학업크래프팅이 높은 집단과 낮은 집단을 잘 변별하였으며 성별 편향은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 학업크래프팅 개념과 척도가 학습자들의 긍정적 학습경험 촉진 및 전반적 삶의 질 향상에 가지는 의의를 논하였으며 상담 및 교육 장면에서의 활용에 대하여 제언하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to introduce the concept of study crafting and to validate the Study Crafting Questionnaire(SCQ). Modified from the concept of job crafting developed in the context of work, this study conceptualizes study crafting as the strategies individuals take to shape, redefine, and actively change components of their academic work to make their academic experiences more meaningful and positive. Data collection included 214 surveys from 4-year offline university students and 579 surveys from online university students. Results showed that each item on SCQ appropriately reflected study crafting construct in terms of content. A three-factor model with task crafting, relational crafting, and cognitive crafting was extracted by exploratory factor analysis and confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The higher levels of study crafting were related to higher levels of meaning in academic work, academic satisfaction, life satisfaction, and meaning in life. In addition, all items discriminated a group with high study crafting from another group with low study crafting well and all items did not have a bias effect in terms of gender. The current findings suggest that the concept of study crafting could be utilized as one of the practical strategies to promote positive academic and quality of life outcomes in educational settings.
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