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디자인씽킹 기반 온라인 협력학습 지원 인공지능 챗봇 설계원리 개발

A Developmental Study on Design Principles for Artificial intelligence chatbot in design thinking-based online collaborative learning

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주제분류교육학

초록

디자인씽킹 기반 온라인 협력학습은 학습자의 문제해결력과 협력 역량을 향상하도록 돕는 유용한 접근 방식이다 그러나 온라인 협력학습 환경에서 교사는 물리적, 시간적 한계로 인해 여러 학습 그룹을 효과적으로 지도하지 못하며, 이는 곧 협력학습의 질을 저하시킨다. 이에 본 연구는 온라인 협력학습의 물리적, 시간적 제약을 극복하고 학습자의 디자인씽킹 과정을 지원하는 인공지능 챗봇의 설계원리와 상세지침을 도출하였다. 이를 위해 설계․개발 연구방법론에 따라 선행문헌 검토를 통해 초기 설계원리를 도출하고, 2회의 전문가 타당화와 1회의 고등학생 대상 현장 평가를 실시하였다. 최종적인 디자인씽킹 기반 온라인 협력학습 지원 챗봇 설계원리로 ‘구조화된 학습 안내 제공의 원리’, ‘적응적 지원 제공의 원리’, ‘학습자 간 협력 촉진의 원리’, ‘학습자-챗봇 간 우호적 관계 형성의 원리’, ‘학습자의 사용성 최적화 원리’와 상세지침 19개를 도출하였다. 본 연구는 디지인씽킹 기반 온라인 협력학습을 위한 맞춤형 지원 도구로서 인공지능 챗봇의 역할에 대한 시사점을 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract

Online collaborative learning based on design thinking is a useful approach in that it helps learners improve their problem-solving and collaborative capabilities. However, in an online collaborative learning environment, teachers cannot effectively teach multiple learning groups due to physical and temporal limitations, which in turn lowers the quality of collaborative learning. Accordingly, this study developed design principles and detailed guidelines for artificial intelligence chatbots that help overcome the physical and temporal limitations of online collaborative learning and support learners’ design thinking process. To this end, with the design and development research methodology, the initial design principles were derived through literature review, and two expert validations and one field evaluation for high school students were conducted. As a result, ‘principle of providing structured guidance’, ‘principle of providing adaptive support’, ‘principle of promoting collaboration between learners’, ‘principle of forming friendly relationship between learner and chatbot’, ‘principle of promoting learner’s usability’ and 19 detailed guidelines were derived. Through this study, it is expected to provide implications for the role of artificial intelligence chatbots as a customized support tool for online collaborative learning based on design thinking.

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