승리 접근 경험이 도박 행동에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Near Misses on Gambling Behavior
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초록
승리 접근 경험(near miss)이란 승리에 가까웠다고 믿는 기대를 경험하는 것으로서 게임을 지속하게 하는 요인으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서는 승리 접근 경험과 도박 심각성이 도박행동에 미치는 영향을 도박 행동의 지속성을 통해 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 참여자는 82명의 강원랜드 카지노, 경마장, 경륜장 이용객 및 일반인을 대상으로 하였다. 이들을 병적 도박자와 사교적 도박자로 분류하였고, 각각의 집단에 승리 접근 경험을 주거나 주지 않았다. 그 결과, 첫째, 승리 접근 경험이 있는 조건에서는 사교적 도박자에 비해 병적 도박자의 게임 지속시간이 유의하게 긴 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 승리 접근 경험이 있는 조건에서는 사교적 도박자에 비해 병적 도박자의 게임 횟수가 유의하게 많은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 사교적 도박자와 병적 도박자 간의 반응 잠재기는 승리 접근 경험이 있는 조건이나 없는 조건 모두에서 차이가 없었지만, 도박 심각성 수준에 따라서는 잠재기에 차이가 있었다. 이러한 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 도박자가 승리에 근접한 경험을 하는지의 여부와 도박 심각성 수준에 따라 도박 행동의 지속성에 차이를 보이는 것을 알 수 있다. 제한점 및 추후 연구방향을 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of near misses and gambling severity on the persistence of gambling behavior. The near miss has been considered a factor which encourages people to gamble. Eighty-two participants were recruited from a casino, a race track, and a bicycle race track and were divided into two groups, a pathological gambler group and a recreational gambler group. The subjects in each of these groups were then assigned to one of two experimental conditions, according to the existence of near misses. The results showed that, under near miss conditions, the pathological gamblers demonstrated significantly longer response times and played the game significantly more than recreational gamblers. Response latencies were unaffected by the presence or absence of near misses in either the pathological or recreational gambler groups, but the response latencies in the pathological group were nevertheless different from those in the recreational gamblers. The results of the present study confirm the findings of previous research on the effects of near misses and gambling severity on gambling behavior.
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