영재와 평재 고등학생들의 성공에 대한 인식, Grit, 열망 및 성취목적 비교
Comparisons of Perceptions of Success, Grit, Aspirations, and Achievement Goal Orientation between Gifted and Non-gifted High School Students
0
조회
0
다운로드
71
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 영재와 평재 고등학생을 대상으로 이들의 성공에 대한 인식, Grit(관심의 일관성, 노력의 인내), 열망(내재열망 – 신체적 건강, 자아성장, 소속감, 공동체 기여; 외재열망 - 명성, 이미지, 경제적 성공) 및 성취목적(숙달목적, 수행접근 목적, 수행회피 목적)에는 어떤 차이를보이는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 영재학교 2개교에서 200명, 일반 고등학교 2개교에서 350명, 총 550명을 표집 대상으로 하였다. 이 중 불성실하게 응답한 54명을 제외한 496명(회수율 90.18%, 영재학생 153명, 평재학생 343명)을 최종 분석대상으로 선정하였다. 본 연구결과, 영재학생과 평재학생 모두의 경우, ‘성공은 내가 통제할 수 없는 것’이라고 생각하는비중이 50%를 상회하는 것으로 나타났으며, 성공에 영향을 미치는 요인들 중 ‘근면’을 가장많이 선택하였다. 반면에, 성공에 영향을 미치는 요인들 중 ‘부유한 가정환경’을 선택하는하는 비중이 영재학생들(48.2%)에 비해 평재학생들(60.4%)이 많은 것으로 나타났다. Grit의하위요인 중 ‘노력의 인내’와 성취목적 하위 요인 중 ‘숙달목적 지향성’에서 영재학생이 평재학생에 비해 유의미하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, Grit의 하위요인 중 ‘노력의 인내’ 요인은 영재와 평재 학생들의 ‘숙달 지향성’과 ‘수행접근 지향성’에 긍정적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 영재와 평재학생의 성공에 대한 인식, Grit, 열망 및 성취목적을비교한 본 연구 결과는 이들의 성취증진 방안을 강구하는데 많은 교육적 시사점을 제공해줄수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare gifted and non-gifted high school students on their perceptions of success, grit, aspirations, and achievement goal orientation. Of the 550 high school students surveyed from 4 high schools (i.e., two schools for gifted, two school for non-gifted) in three metropolitan cities, Korea, 496 (i.e., 153 gifted and 343 non-gifted) completed and returned the questionnaire yielding a total response rate of 90.18%. Measures of students’ grit (i.e., consistency of interest, and perseverance of effort), aspirations (i.e., intrinsic aspirations – physical fitness, self-growth, affiliation, community contribution, and extrinsic aspirations – financial success, image, fame), achievement goal orientation (i.e., mastery, performance approach and performance avoidance), and perceptions of success (i.e., Success in life is pretty much determined by forces outside our control.) were administered. It was found that the majority of gifted students and non-gifted students perceived that “success is outside our control.”, and chose ‘hard-working’ as the most influential factor on their success. 60.4% of non-gifted students chose ‘wealthy family background’ as the other most influential factor, whereas only 48.2% of gifted did. Gifted students had higher ‘consistency of interest’ and ‘mastery goals’ than non-gifted students. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that grit (i.e., perseverance of effort) was the crucial contributors for enhancing both gifted and non-gifted students' mastery goals and performance approach goals. Results are discussed in relation to theoretical implications and school settings.
참고문헌 (62)
- 김태은, "학교급별 학업능력에 대한 학습효능감, 학습동기화, 성취목표지향성의 효과", 교육심리연구, 21(1), pp.185~207 (2007), 한국교육심리학회
- 문병상, "인식론적 신념, 성취목표지향성, 자기조절학습 및 학업성취간의 관계", 초등교육연구, 22(4), pp.49~68 (2009), 한국초등교육학회
- 박영신, "한국인의 성취의식과 귀인양식에 대한 토착심리학적 분석", 한국심리학회지 : 사회문제, 6(3), pp.67~97 (2000)
- 송인섭, "목표지향성, 자기조절학습, 학업성취와의 관계연구", 교육심리연구, 14(2), pp.29~64 (2000)
- 안도희, "중학생의 가정의 심리적 환경, 지적능력에 대한 신념 및 학업성취간의 관계", 교육학연구, 46(2), pp.107~126 (2008), 한국교육학회
- 안도희, "대학생의 지적능력에 대한 신념, 목적설정 및 학습접근책간의 관계모형 탐색", 한국교육, 32(4), pp.3~27 (2005), 한국교육개발원
- 안도희, "초·중·고등학생의 지적능력에 대한 신념에 영향을 미치는 환경적 특성 변인 탐색", 교육학연구, 46(1), pp.173~202 (2008), 한국교육학회
- 안도희, "의과 대학생들의 지적능력에 대한 신념을 예측하는 변인 탐색: 인지적·정의적 특성, 부모의 자녀교육관심도 및 가정의 경제적 수준", Korean Journal of Medical Education, 20(3), pp.219~229 (2008), 한국의학교육학회
- 이상우, "부모과 교사의 자율성지지, 성취목표지향성, 기본심리욕구, 학업성취도 간의 구조적 관계 분석", 교육학논총, 31(1), pp.45~68 (2010)
- 최병연, "초등 영재와 일반학생간의 학업성패에 대한 귀인성향과 자기조절학습전략 사용의 차이", 영재교육연구, 18(3), pp.425~442 (2008), 한국영재학회
- 청소년의 성공의식에 관한 국제비교: 한국, 중국, 일본, 미국 청소년의 비교, "정희욱", 한국청소년개발원, ~, pp.연구보고, 99-R06 (2000)
- 조선미, "영재의 학업성취에 영향을 주는 심리적 요인들: 자기결정성, 학습목표지향성, 자기효능감, 지능관 및 자기조절학습전략을 중심으로", 영재교육연구, 21(3), pp.611~630 (2011), 한국영재학회
- 조승우, "초등학교 아동의 목표지향성과 자기조절학습전략 사용 및 자기효능감과의 관계", 교육과학연구, 27(1), pp.71~88 (1998), 교육과학연구소
- "주간조선 2015.04.06.일자(2351호) 스페셜 리포트: 영재교육에 영재가 없다"[URL]
- "한국교육개발원 보도자료"[URL]
- Ames, C., "Classroom : Goal, structure, and student motivation", Journal of Educational Psychology, 84(3), pp.261~271 (1992)
- Blackwell, L. S., "Implicit theories of intelligence predict achievement across an adolescent transition : A longitudinal study and an intervention", Child Development, 78(1), pp.246~263 (2007)
- Charness, N., "The role of deliberate practice in chess expertise", Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19, pp.151~165 (2005)
- Cross, T. M., "The Gritty : Grit and Non-Traditional Doctoral Student Success", Journal of Educators Online, 11(3), pp.1~30 (2014)
- Deci, E. L., "A motivational approach to self: Integration in personality", Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 38, pp.237~288 (1990)
- Deci, E. L., "Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior" (1985), Plenum
- Drake, C., "Skill acquisition in music performance : Relations between planning and temporal control", Cognition, 74, pp.1~32 (2000)
- Duckworth, A. L., "Deliberate practice spells success : Why grittier competitors triumph at the national spelling bee", Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(2), pp.174~181 (2011)
- Duckworth, A. L., "Development and validation of the Short Grit Scale(Grit-S)", Journal of Personality Assessment, 91(2), pp.166~174 (2009)
- Duckworth, A. L., "Grit : Perseverance and passion for long-term goals", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(6), pp.1087~1101 (2007)
- Dweck, C. S., "Improving academic achievement" (2002), Academic Press
- Dweck, C. S., "A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality", Psychological Review, 95(2), pp.256~273 (1988)
- Dweck, C. S., "Motivational processes affecting learning", American Psychologist, 41(10), pp.1040~1048 (1986)
- Eigner, S., "Life goal and well-being: Towards a positive psychology of human striving", pp.182~201 (2001), Hogrefe & Huber
- Elliot, A. J., "A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(1), pp.218~232 (1997)
- Ericsson, K. A., "Capturing the naturally occurring superior performance of experts in the laboratory : Toward a science of expert and exceptional performance", Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(6), pp.346~350 (2007)
- Ericsson, K. A., "Exceptional memorizers : Made, not born", Trends in Cognitive Science, 7(6), pp.233~235 (2003)
- Ericsson, K. A., "The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance", Psychological Review, 100(3), pp.363~406 (1993)
- Eskreis-Winkler, L., "The grit effect : Predicting retention in the military, the workplace, school and marriage", Frontiers in Psychology, 5, pp.1~12 (2014)
- Ford, J. K., "Relationships of goal orientation, metacognitive activity, and practice strategies with learning outcomes and transfer", Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(2), pp.218~233 (1998)
- Fredricks, J. A., "School engagement : Potential of the concept, state of the evidence", Review of Educational Research, 74(1), pp.59~109 (2004)
- Frost, K. M., "Romanian and American life aspirations in relation to psychological well-being", Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 31(6), pp.726~751 (2000)
- Graham, S., "Motivational influences on cognition : Task involvement, ego involvement, and depth of information processing", Journal of Educational Psychology, 83(2), pp.187~194 (1991)
- Headey, B. W., "Life goals matter to happiness : A revision of set-point theory", Social Indicators Research, 86, pp.213~231 (2008)
- Kaplan, A., "The effect of achievement goals: Does level of perceived academic competence make a difference?", Contemporary Educational Psychology, 22, pp.415~435 (1997)
- Kasser, T., "A dark side of the American dream : Correlates of financial success as a central life aspiration", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(2), pp.410~422 (1993)
- Kasser, T., "Further examining the american dream : Differential correlates of intrinsic and extrinsic goals", Society for Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(3), pp.280~287 (1996)
- Kasser, K., "Life goals and well-being: Towards a positive psychology of human striving", pp.116~131 (2001), Hogrefe & Huber
- Kasser, K., "Materialistic values and well-being in business students", European Journal of Social Psychology, 32, pp.137~146 (2002)
- Latham, G. P., "Work motivation theory and research at the dawn of the twenty-first century", Annual Review of Psychology, 56, pp.485~516 (2005)
- Meece, J. L., "Students' goal orientations and cognitive engagement in classroom activities", Journal of Educational Psychology, 80(4), pp.514~523 (1988)
- Midgley, C., "Manual for the patterns of adaptive learning scales" (2000), University of Michigan
- Niemiec, C. P., "The path taken : Consequences of attaining intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations in post-college life", Journal of Research in Personality, 73(3), pp.291~306 (2009)
- "2014 Spring Pew Global Attitudes Survey"[URL]
- Pintrich, P. R., "Motivational and self-regulated learning components of classroom academic performance", Journal of Educational Psychology, 82(1), pp.33~40 (1990)
- Renzulli, J. S., "A decade of dialogue on the three‐ring conception of giftedness", Roeper Review, 11(1), pp.18~25 (1988)
- Ryan, R. M., "The American dream in Russia : Extrinsic aspirations and well-being in two cultures", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25(12), pp.1509~1524 (1999)
- Ryan, R. M., "The Psychology of action: Linking cognition and motivation to behavior", pp.7~26 (1996), Guilford
- Schmidt, A. M., "Learning within a learner control training environment : The interactive effects of goal orientation and metacognitive instruction on learning outcomes", Personal Psychology, 56(2), pp.405~429 (2003)
- Sheldon, K. M., "Coherence and congruence : Two aspects of personality integration", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(2), pp.531~543 (1995)
- Simons, J., "The role of different types of instrumentality in motivation, study strategies, and performance: Know why you learn, so you'll know what you learn!", British Journal of Educational Psychology, 74, pp.343~360 (2004)
- Simons, J., "Placing motivation and future time perspective theory in a temporal perspective", Educational Psychology Review, 16, pp.121~139 (2004)
- Soenens, B., "Antecedents and outcomes of self-determination in 3life domains: The role of parents’ and teachers’ autonomy support", Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(6), pp.589~604 (2005)
- VandeWalle, D., "The role of goal orientation following performance feedback", Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, pp.629~640 (2001)
- Vansteenkiste, M., "Intrinsic versus extrinsic goal contents in self-determination theory : Another look at the quality of academic motivation", Educational Psychologist, 41(1), pp.19~31 (2006)
- Vansteenkiste, M., "Motivating learning, performance, and persistence : The synergistic role of intrinsic goals and autonomy-support", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, pp.246~260 (2004)
- Zimmerman, B. J., "Development of a structured interview for assessing student use of self-regulated learning strategies", American Educational Research Journal, 23(4), pp.614~628 (1986)
