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고성능 리튬이온 전지를 위한 저마늄 나노입자의 가스상 레이저 광분해 대량 합성법 개발

High-Yield Gas-Phase Laser Photolysis Synthesis of Germanium Nanocrystals for High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries

박정희|조원일|김한성|차은희|임영록|김창현|임형순|조용재|정찬수|장동명|명윤|백승혁|송민섭|이치우
한국전기화학회 (The Korean Electrochemical Society)|2012.08|전기화학회지 (Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society)|제15권 제3호|pp. 181-189|DOI DOI: 10.5229/JKES.2012.15.3.181

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키워드

Lithium ion batteryNanocrystalsGermaniumGas-phase photolysisNd-YAG pulsed laserGe-RGO hybrids
주제분류화학

초록

ND-YAG 펄스 레이저를 사용하여 밀폐 반응기에서 가스상 Ge(CH3)4 (tetramethyl germanium, TMG)을 광분해하여 Ge (germanium) 나노입자를 합성하는 새로운 합성법을 개발하였다. 나노입자의 크기는 간단히 충돌이완가스를 사용하여 5-100 nm로 조절할 수 있었다. Ge1-xSix 합금 나노입자는 TMG와 Si(CH3)4 (tetramethyl silicon, TMS) 혼합가스를 광분해하여 합성하였으며, 이때 반응기 안의 가스 혼합비율에 따라 나노입자의 조성을 조절할 수 있었다. 합성된 나노입자는 얇은 탄소층(1-2 nm) 에 싸여있고, 안정한 콜로이드 용액형태로 잘 분산되어 있다. 합성된 Ge 나노입자와 Ge-RGO (reduced graphene oxide) 하이브리드 구조체 모두 리튬이온전지 특성이 50 사이클 이후 각각 800, 1,100 mAh/g의 높은 방전용량을 갖는 것을 확인하였고, 이 방법은 이전의 Ge 나노입자 합성법과 비교하여 높은 수득률, 우수한 재현성, 성분조절의 용이 하므로, 고성능 리튬 전지의 개발을 위한 음극소재로 기대된다. 이와 같은 Ge 나노입자의 새로운 대량 합성법은 고성능 에너지 변환 소재실용화에 기여할 것으로 예상된다.

Abstract

We developed a new high-yield synthesis method of free-standing germanium nanocrystals (Ge NCs) by means of the gas-phase photolysis of tetramethyl germanium in a closed reactor using an Nd-YAG pulsed laser. Size control (5-100 nm) can be simply achieved using a quenching gas. The Ge1-xSix NCs were synthesized by the photolysis of a tetramethyl silicon gas mixture and their composition was controlled by the partial pressure of precursors. The as-grown NCs are sheathed with thin (1-2 nm) carbon layers, and well dispersed to form a stable colloidal solution. Both Ge NC and Ge-RGO hybrids exhibit excellent cycling performance and high capacity of the lithium ion battery (800 and 1100 mAh/g after 50 cycles, respectively)as promising anode materials for the development of high-performance lithium batteries. This novel synthesis method of Ge NCs is expected to contribute to expand their applications in high-performance energy conversion systems

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