전기화학 열전지의 연구 개발 동향
R&D Trends of Thermoelectrochemical Cells
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
중저온 (<200oC) 폐열은 중요한 청정 에너지원이다. 폐열 활용 방안 중 가장 대표적인 것은 열전기술이나, 최근 전기화학 열전지가 열전소자의 대안으로 주목받고 있다. 전기화학 열전지의 기전력은 산화/환원 전극 전위의 온도 의존성에 의해 발생하며, 출력 특성은 전기화학 반응에 수반되는 동역학과 물질 이동 과전압에 의해 결정된다. 전기화학 열전지는 열전소자보다 비용 및 설계 유연성이 장점이지만, 열전소자에 비해 낮은 열-전기 변환 효율로 인해 응용 범위가 제한되어왔다. 하지만 최근 새로운 전해질과 전극을 적용하여 전기화학 열전지의 성능을 크게 향상할 수있음이 보고되고 있다. 이 총설은 전기화학 열전지용 산화/환원쌍, 수계/비수계 전해질과 첨가제, 전극 물질 및 전지 설계 측면에서 최근 연구 동향을 소개한다.
Abstract
Most of low-grad heat (< 200oC) generated from industrial process and human body, is abandoned as waste heat. To harvest the waste heat, the thermoelectrics (TE) technology has been widely investigated so far. However, TE suffers from poor performance and high material cost. As an alternative to the TE device, the thermoelectrical cell (TEC) is gaining growing attention these days. The TEC features several advantages such as high Seebeck coefficient, low cost and design flexibility compared to TE, but its commercial viability was limited by its low heatto- electricity conversion efficiency. However, recent reports have demonstrated that the performance of TEC can be markedly improved by employing novel electrode/electrolyte materials and by optimizing cell design. This article summarizes the recent progress of TECs in terms of the redox couples, electrolyte solvents and additives, electrode materials and cell design.
참고문헌 (30)
- A. R. M. Siddique, "A review of the state of the science on wearable thermoelectric power generators (TEGs) and their existing challenges", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 73, pp.730~744 (2017)
- T. Quickenden, "A review of power generation in aqueous thermogalvanic cells", J. Electrochem. Soc., 142, pp.3985~3994 (1995)
- J. Agar, "Thermal diffusion in nonisothermal cells. Part 1.—Theoretical relations and experiments on solutions of thallous salts", Transactions of the Faraday Society, 53, pp.167~178 (1957)
- P. Yang, "Wearable thermocells based on gel electrolytes for the utilization of body heat", Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 55, pp.12050~12053 (2016)
- T. J. Abraham, "Seebeck coefficients in ionic liquids–prospects for thermo-electrochemical cells", Chem. Commun., 47, pp.6260~6262 (2011)
- M. A. Buckingham, "The thermoelectrochemistry of the aqueous iron (ii)", iron (iii)redox couple: significance of the anion and pH in thermogalvanic thermal-to-electrical energy conversion, 2018, pp.2, 2717~2726
- J. T. Hupp, "Solvent, ligand, and ionic charge effects on reaction entropies for simple transitionmetal redox couples", Inorg. Chem., 23, pp.3639~3644 (1984)
- N. Sutin, "Correlations between outer-sphere self-exchange rates and reaction entropies for some simple redox couples", Inorg. Chem., 19, pp.1096~1098 (1980)
- D. Al-Masri, "The electrochemistry and performance of cobalt-based redox couples for thermoelectrochemical cells", Electrochim. Acta, 269, pp.714~723 (2018)
- K. Kim, "Thermoelectrochemical cells based on Li+", Li redox couples in LiFSI glyme electrolytes, 2018, pp.20, 23433~23440
- A. Taheri, "Application of a water-soluble cobalt redox couple in free-standing cellulose films for thermal energy harvesting", Electrochim. Acta, 297, pp.669~675 (2019)
- M. Diaw, "Mixed ionic liquid as electrolyte for lithium batteries", J. Power Sources, 146, pp.682~684 (2005)
- A. J. Bard, "Electrochemical methods", pp.66~ (2001), John Wiley & Sons
- T. Kim, "High thermopower of ferri", ferrocyanide redox couple in organic-water solutions, 2017, pp.31, 160~167
- M. A. Lazar, "Enhanced thermal energy harvesting performance of a cobalt redox couple in ionic liquid–solvent mixtures", Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 18, pp.1404~1410 (2016)
- J. Duan, "PN conversion in thermogalvanic cells induced by thermo-sensitive nanogels for body heat harvesting", Nano Energy, 57, pp.473~479 (2019)
- P. F. Salazar, "Enhanced thermo-electrochemical power using carbon nanotube additives in ionic liquid redox electrolytes", Journal of materials chemistry a, 2, pp.20676~20682 (2014)
- A. Taheri, "Quasi-solid-State Electrolytes for Low-Grade Thermal Energy Harvesting using a Cobalt Redox Couple", ChemSusChem, 11, pp.2788~2796 (2018)
- L. Jin, "Redox-active quasi-solid-state electrolytes for thermal energy harvesting", ACS Energy Letters, 1, pp.654~658 (2016)
- R. Hu, "Harvesting waste thermal energy using a carbon-nanotube-based thermo-electrochemical cell", Nano Lett., 10, pp.838~846 (2010)
- M. S. Romano, "Carbon nanotube-reduced graphene oxide composites for thermal energy harvesting applications", Adv. Mater., 25, pp.6602~6606 (2013)
- H. Im, "High-efficiency electrochemical thermal energy harvester using carbon nanotube aerogel sheet electrodes", Nature communications, 7, pp.10600~ (2016)
- T. J. Abraham, "Investigation of the kinetic and mass transport limitations in thermoelectrochemical cells with different electrode materials", Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 16, pp.2527~2532 (2014)
- P. F. Salazar, "Design and optimization of thermo-electrochemical cells", J. Appl. Electrochem., 44, pp.325~336 (2014)
- T. Quickenden, "The power conversion efficiencies of a thermogalvanic cell operated in three different orientations", J. Electrochem. Soc., 142, pp.3652~3659 (1995)
- S. W. Hasan, "High thermal gradient in thermoelectrochemical cells by insertion of a poly (vinylidene fluoride) membrane", Scientific reports, 6, pp.29328~ (2016)
- L. Zhang, "High Power Density Electrochemical Thermocells for Inexpensively Harvesting Low?Grade Thermal Energy", Adv. Mater, 29, pp.1605652~ (2017)
- A. Gunawan, "Liquid thermoelectrics: review of recent and limited new data of thermogalvanic cell experiments", Nanoscale and Microscale Thermophysical Engineering, 17, pp.304~323 (2013)
- B. Burrows, "Discharge behavior of redox thermogalvanic cells", J. Electrochem. Soc., 123, pp.154~159 (1976)
- T. J. Abraham, "High Seebeck coefficient redox ionic liquid electrolytes for thermal energy harvesting", Energy & Environmental Science, 6, pp.2639~2645 (2013)