리튬이온 이차전지용 고용량 KVO3 음극의 전기화학적 성능개선
Improvement of Electrochemical Performance of KVO3 as High Capacity Negative Electrode Material for Lithium-ion Batteries Tae
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바나듐 산화물계 물질은 고용량의 구현이 가능하여 리튬이온 이차전지용 음극재료로 많은 연구가진행되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 음극물질로써 포타슘 메타바나데이트(KVO3)를 합성하였으며, 이를 음극 활물질로서의 전기화학적 특성에 대하여 평가하였다. NH4VO3와 KOH 수용액을당량에 맞추어 혼합한 후에 이를 가열하여 암모니아를 제거하고 건조함으로써 KVO3 분말을 손쉽게 합성할 수 있었다. 이렇게 얻어진 KVO3를 300 내지 500oC에서 8시간 동안 열처리하였다. 열처리 온도가 증가할 수록 초기용량은 감소하였으나, 수명과 효율은 일부 개선되는 경향을 나타내었으나 큰 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 반면에 KVO3를 사용한 전지의 제조 시에 PVdF (polyvinylidene fluoride) 대신에 PAA (polyacrylic acid) 바인더를 사용한 경우 및 전해액 첨가제인 FEC (fluoroethylene carbonate) 를 적용하는 경우에 전기화학적 성능이 크게 개선되었다. 이 전지의 초기 가역용량과 쿨롱효율이 각각 1169 mAh/g과 76.3%로 개선되어 리튬이온이차전지용 새로운 음극재료로 가능성을 기대할 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Vanadium oxide based materials have been studied as novel negative electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of their high specific capacity. In this study, potassium metavanadate (KVO3) was synthesized and its electrochemical properties are evaluated as a negative electrode materials. The aqueous solution of NH4VO3 is mixed with a stoichiometric amount of KOH. The solution is boiled to remove NH3 gas and dried to obtain a precipitate. The obtained KVO3 powders are heat-treated at 300 and 500oC for 8 h in air. As the heat treatment temperature increases, the initial reversible capacity decreases, but the cycle performance and Coulombic efficiency are improved slightly. On the contrary, the electrochemical performances of the KVO3 electrodes are greatly improved when a polyacrylic acid (PAA) as binder was used instead of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and a fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) was used as electrolyte additive. The initial reversible capacity of the KVO3 is 1169 mAh/g and the Coulombic efficiency is improved to 76.3% with moderate cycle performance. The KVO3 has the potential as a novel high-capacity negative electrode materials.
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