張戒 ≪歲寒堂詩話≫의 唐宋 詩人論

Abstract

In ≪Sui Han Tang Poetry Talks≫, Zhang Jie is focused on various poets of the past, especially Tang dynasty and Song dynasty based on his poetics. Although Zhang Jie highly appreciated the poets of Tang dynasty, but he did not unconditionally praise all the poets of the Tang, and there are few poets who were criticized. Zhang Jie’s poetic theory of the Tang dynasty is focused on Du Fu. Zhang Jie revered Du Fu as an example model of composing poems and he linked some characteristics of Du Fu’s work with the essence of poetry, and commented on the poets based on it. Zhang Jie was critical of the poets of the Song dynasty, mainly focused on Su Shi and Huang Tingjian. Zhang Jie watched through developing history of Chinese classic poem, and worried about Su Shi and Huang Tingjian’s overabundance of conceptualization and the tendency of emphasis on allotment. The poetry of Zhang Jie is not simply trying to divide poetry of the Tang and Song into two and discuss the merits and demerits. Through the Tang·Song poetic theory, Zhang Jie expressed his view on some of the major problems that poets of the Song should pay attention to. (1) Zhang Jie analyzed the characteristics of Du Fu’s work in a full and detailed way, and raised questions such as what and how coming generation will learn from Du Fu’s poem, and what the ‘essence’ of Du fu’s poem is. (2) Zhang Jie opposed to the pre-established framework of the form, argued for the free and proper operation of the words. (3) Zhang Jie presented the characteristics of managing the folk words of Du Fu and suggested how to operate them.