임진왜란기 1차 울산학성 전투에 대한 고찰

Abstract

The second Japanese invasion in 1597 (󰡒Second War of Jeong-yu󰡓) was a war in which Japan reorganized its army and advanced north toward Hanseongbu (Seoul), where the king of Joseon was located, in order to resolve the issue by force after peace negotiations with Japan broke down. The Japanese army, which was defeated by the Joseon-Ming allied forces while moving north, moved south and built Japanese fortresses in the coastal areas of Gyeongsang province and Jeolla province and was preparing for a long-term war. To overcome this, the Joseon-Ming allied forces decided to attack the Japanese army stationed at Ulsan Hakseong first, which is the Battle of Ulsan Hakseong. The Battle of Ulsan Hakseong was a bloody battle that lasted for 13 days from December 22 in the year of Jeong-yu (1597), when the Second War of Jeong-yu began, to January 4 in the year of Musul (1958) the following year. This battle ended when the Joseon-Ming allied forces suddenly withdrew while 47,500 Joseon-Ming allied forces and 16,400 Japanese soldiers were fighting over Ulsan Hakseong. This battle was an absolute advantage for the Joseon-Ming allied forces in all aspects, but in the end, they were defeated. Therefore, the Battle of Ulsan Hakseong has many lessons for us today. First, depending on the commander's capabilities, not only the inferiority of the troops but also any difficulties can be overcome. Second, the importance of operating troops and weapons based on tactical principles. Third, flexible operations that take into account terrain and weather are needed. Fourth, the constant collection of intelligence and the application of various psychological warfare. Fifth, the spirit of never retreat from battle and fighting to the death is essential. This lesson of the Battle of Ulsan Hakseong is something that we should think deeply about even today, more than 500 years after the end of the Imjin War.