《高麗史》刑法志 公牒相通式에 나타난 지방통치구조

Abstract

This research focused on the Kongch'opsangt'ongsik(公牒相通式) of Koryosa(高麗史) 「Hyungbopchi(刑法志)」, which was the policy of giving and receiving official documents in order to manage administrative affairs. It especially focused on the correspondence of local governors with various Byolmyungsasin(別命使臣) whom the central government dispatched to local districts irregularly. The policy on official documents had already been established by the early Sungjong(成宗, 981-997) period. This policy had to be reformed once the administrative system had changed. So, the Kongch'opsangt'ongsik was likely carried out from the Hyunjong(顯宗, 1009-1031) period to the Munjong(文宗, 1046-1083) period to collaborate with the administrative system of its time. The Kongch'opsangt'ongsik regulated the signature forms used in giving and receiving official documents. There was a signature form rank system in the central and local organs. They were not only used to reflect the official rank of the writer, but also to identify the rank of the office. The relation of the local governors and the Byolmyungsasin had the highest rank in the Kongch'opsangt'ongsik. The central government's management of local administrative units were not solely based on the reports issued by the local governors who resided in provincial areas, but also on those of the Byolmyungsasin. There were Chunggunbyongmasa(中軍兵馬使), Jwaukunbyongmasa(左右軍兵馬使), Tobusosa(都部署使), Tosunkomsa(都巡檢使), Tosunch'alsa(都巡察使) which were said to be used to connect common officials to the local governors and to the Byolmyungsasin. Though these policies were seldom seen in the records of Koryo Dynastic history, they played an important role in managing the local administration during this period.