1920년대의 농촌 저축조합 연구-전남 보성군 득량면 ‘松谷貯蓄組合’의 운영사례-

Abstract

A Study on the Rural Savings Union(貯蓄組合) in the 1920's: A case of Song-gok Savings Union, Deukryang-Myon, Bosung-Gun, South Jeolla Province Hong, Sung-Chan* There were various kinds of associations(Kye 契) and unions(組合) in the colonial Korea. Among them, savings Kyes and unions were typical non-institutional financial agencies before modern financial institutions like banks started to prevail. Authors have classified these Kyes and unions, and tried to find their origin and explain contents. They also analyzed the policies of the Japanese Government-general on these agencies, and dealt with their changes over time after the Korean Liberation. Most of the analyses focused upon the overall survey of actual state and conditions of savings Kyes and unions without investigating, through a specific case, how they were founded, managed and disbanded. This paper makes a case study of Song-gok Savings Union(Original name was Song-gok Savings Kye), Deukryang-Myun, Bosung-Gun, South Jeolla Province, in the early 1920's. This Union was established in the early 1920's by the leadership of Yang, Jae Sung(梁在誠) who was then a great landlord as well as an aristocrat in that region. This paper investigates, as a specific case, how it was established, how its fund was procured and managed, how much profitable it was and how it was liquidated. In particular, it pays attention to economic and politico-social motivation and incentive of the leading figures in the financial world in launching savings unions. Savings unions seemed to fade away and rural economic leaders who led to establish them became much less influential as modern financial agencies emerged.