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한말 · 일제하 한국인의 만주 인식

Korean Perceptions of Manchuria during the late Chosǒn and Colonial Periods

김도형
국학연구원 (Institute of Korean Studies)|2008.12|동방학지 (THE DONG BANG HAK CHI)|제144호|pp. 1-32

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참고문헌

키워드

Manchuria만주Korean in Manchuria만주 인식만주 조선족독립운동기지로서의 만주삶의 터전으로서의 만주제국의 공간으로서의 만주기회의 땅으로서의 만주Korean Perceptions of ManchuriaManchuria as the base of the independence movementManchuria as the place of refugeManchuria as the imperial spaceManchuria as the place of opportunity
주제분류기타인문학

초록

Many Koreans emigrated to Manchuria during the Hanmal and colonial periods. There were many reasons for them to go to Manchuria but the main causes changed according to the period. In accordane with their reasons for emigration, the Koreans' perceptions of Manchuria also changed. Manchuria has long been an area of historical study and after the collapse of Parhae, Koryǒ and Chosǒn continued to consider Manchuria to be part of their historical lands [kot'o 故土]. As Korean history was constructed around Tangun, it also encompassed the kingdoms situated in Manchuria like Puyǒ, Koguryǒ, and Parhae. This type of thinking continued through the Hanmal and colonial periods, and as many Koreans went to Manchuria, it informed their later activities. In the late Chosǒn period, there was also discussion of how to recover these historical lands. The idea of Manchuria as part of Korea's ancient lands became widespread, and according to the reasons for migration, there were many different ways of viewing Manchuria. First, the annexation of 1910 made Manchuria into the base of the independence movement resisting the Japanese invasion. The Independence Movement needed people, and there were many Korean emigrants living in Manchuria. Also, it was a resource-abundant land situated geographically near the Korean peninsula. Next, Manchuria was a place of refuge for many peasants. Poor harvests at the end of the nineteenth century started the migration movement and many peasants who were impoverished by the colonial policies of the Japanese sought to start over again in Manchuria. In the 1930's, the Japanese invaded China. As the Japanese created boom conditions as part of their developmental strategy, Manchuria suddenly became a place of opportunity where fortunes could be made without much effort. The Japanese Empire continued to pursue their territorial ambitions and the state of Manchukuo was established. Manchuria had become a pro-Japanese region that constituted an "imperial space" utilized for the establishment of the Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere.

Abstract

Many Koreans emigrated to Manchuria during the Hanmal and colonial periods. There were many reasons for them to go to Manchuria but the main causes changed according to the period. In accordane with their reasons for emigration, the Koreans' perceptions of Manchuria also changed. Manchuria has long been an area of historical study and after the collapse of Parhae, Koryǒ and Chosǒn continued to consider Manchuria to be part of their historical lands [kot'o 故土]. As Korean history was constructed around Tangun, it also encompassed the kingdoms situated in Manchuria like Puyǒ, Koguryǒ, and Parhae. This type of thinking continued through the Hanmal and colonial periods, and as many Koreans went to Manchuria, it informed their later activities. In the late Chosǒn period, there was also discussion of how to recover these historical lands. The idea of Manchuria as part of Korea's ancient lands became widespread, and according to the reasons for migration, there were many different ways of viewing Manchuria. First, the annexation of 1910 made Manchuria into the base of the independence movement resisting the Japanese invasion. The Independence Movement needed people, and there were many Korean emigrants living in Manchuria. Also, it was a resource-abundant land situated geographically near the Korean peninsula. Next, Manchuria was a place of refuge for many peasants. Poor harvests at the end of the nineteenth century started the migration movement and many peasants who were impoverished by the colonial policies of the Japanese sought to start over again in Manchuria. In the 1930's, the Japanese invaded China. As the Japanese created boom conditions as part of their developmental strategy, Manchuria suddenly became a place of opportunity where fortunes could be made without much effort. The Japanese Empire continued to pursue their territorial ambitions and the state of Manchukuo was established. Manchuria had become a pro-Japanese region that constituted an "imperial space" utilized for the establishment of the Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere.

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