1945~1958년 개성 인삼업의 재편과 사회주의화

Abstract

Ginseng is a Kaesong product specialty. The division of the Korean Peninsula brought about a split in the ginseng industry, as the South and North reorganized it with different production and sales methods as favored by each system. This article examines the ginseng industry in South and North Korea from 1945 to1958, and looks at the reality of “Kaesong ginseng” after the liberation. After the Korean War, Kaesong was incorporated into the “New Liberation Area”. The ginseng industry was gradually normalized by the efforts of individual cultivators and through state-run ginseng plants and the Kaesong Branch Office of the Hwanghae-do Ginseng Management Station. As a result, the ginseng industry was divided into state ginseng plants and individual cultivators. When the agricultural cooperative movement began in North Korea in 1955, each cooperative farm in Kaesong consisted of a special ginseng-producing group. Ginseng was produced through three routes: state ginseng plants, cooperatives, and individual cultivators. The ginseng industry was divided into state ginseng plants and cooperatives in 1958, as individual cultivators were fully absorbed by the cooperative farms. The socialization of the Kaesong ginseng production was a process by which the tradition of the Kaesong ginseng industry, which was led by individual cultivators in the traditional era, was transformed by socialism. It is important to show that this was not a uniform and radical agricultural cooperation process.