Processing Emotional Facial Expressions in Individuals with Post-traumatic Stress Symptom: An ERP Study
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The present study aimed to demonstrate the neural mechanisms that relate to the abnormal processing of facial expressions in individuals with post-traumatic stress symptom (PTSS). In particular, we investigated each processing stage's influence on facial expression recognition in individuals with PTSS. To investigate these mechanisms, we measured behavioral performances and event-related potentials (ERPs) as individuals performed a multi-morphed facial expression identification task. Participants were divided into two groups: those with PTSS and a control group without PTSS. Participants viewed representations of fearful, neutral, and happy facial expressions. ERP results revealed that, relative to the control group, the PTSS experience group experienced enhanced P1 amplitudes (reflecting rapid detection) and attenuated LPP amplitudes (reflecting later strategic processing) for all facial expressions. The behavioral data show that PTSS experience group committed more errors and were slower at detectingfacial expressions than were the controls. The difficulties individuals with PTSS face in recognizing facial expressions are explained by abnormal processing related to sustained attention or elaborating processing deficit.
Abstract
The present study aimed to demonstrate the neural mechanisms that relate to the abnormal processing of facial expressions in individuals with post-traumatic stress symptom (PTSS). In particular, we investigated each processing stage's influence on facial expression recognition in individuals with PTSS. To investigate these mechanisms, we measured behavioral performances and event-related potentials (ERPs) as individuals performed a multi-morphed facial expression identification task. Participants were divided into two groups: those with PTSS and a control group without PTSS. Participants viewed representations of fearful, neutral, and happy facial expressions. ERP results revealed that, relative to the control group, the PTSS experience group experienced enhanced P1 amplitudes (reflecting rapid detection) and attenuated LPP amplitudes (reflecting later strategic processing) for all facial expressions. The behavioral data show that PTSS experience group committed more errors and were slower at detectingfacial expressions than were the controls. The difficulties individuals with PTSS face in recognizing facial expressions are explained by abnormal processing related to sustained attention or elaborating processing deficit.
참고문헌 (48)
- Amaral, D. G., "Topographic organization of projections from the amygdala to the visual cortex in the macaque monkey", Neuroscience, 118, pp.1099~1120 (2003)
- American Psychiatric Association, "Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder(4th ed.)" (2000), American Psychiatric Association
- Arnell, K. M., "The attentional blink across stimuli modalities : Evidence for central processing limitations", Journal of Experimental Psychology : Human Perception and Performance, 25, pp.1~19 (1999)
- Ashley, V., "Time course and specificity of event‐related potentials to emotional expressions", NeuroReport, 15, pp.211~216 (2004)
- Attias, J., "Event‐related potentials in post‐traumatic stress disorder of combat origin", Biological Psychiatry, 40, pp.373~381 (1996)
- Bar‐Haim, Y., "Attentional bias in anxiety : A behavioral and ERP study", Brain & Cognition, 59, pp.11~22 (2005)
- Bar‐Haim, Y., "Threat‐related attentional bias in anxious and nonanxious individuals : A meta‐analytic study", Psychological Bulletin, 133, pp.1~24 (2007)
- Batty, M., "Early processing of the six basic facial emotional expressions", Cognitive Brain Research, 17, pp.613~620 (2003)
- Beck, A. T., "Depression : Clinical, experimental and theoretical aspects" (1967), Harper & Row
- Blair, R. J. R., "Dissociable neural response to facial expressions of sadness and anger", Brain, 122, pp.883~893 (1999)
- Cho, M. J., "Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-lV psychiatric disorders among Korean adults", JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE, 195(3), pp.203~210, LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
- Chun, M. M., "A two‐stage model of multiple target detection in rapid serial visual presentation", Journal of Experimental Psychology : Human Perception and Performance, 21, pp.109~127 (1995)
- Constans, J. I., "Suppression of attentional bias in PTSD", Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113, pp.315~323 (2004)
- Cooley, E. L., "Discrimination of facial expressions of emotion by depressed subjects", Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 115, pp.451~465 (1989)
- Eimer, M., "An ERP study on the time course of emotional face processing", NeuroReport, 11, pp.2319~2324 (2000)
- Eimer, M., "An ERP study on the time course of emotional face processing", NeuroReport, 13, pp.427~431 (2002)
- Eimer, M., "Event‐related brain potential correlates of emotional face processing", Neuropsychologia, 45, pp.15~31 (2007)
- Felmingham, K. L., "Processing angry and neutral faces in post‐traumatic stress disorder : An event‐related potentials study", NeuroReport, 14(5), pp.777~780 (2003)
- Foa, E. B., "The validation of a self‐report measure of posttraumatic stress disorder : The Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale", Psychological Assessment, 9, pp.445~451 (1997)
- Foa, E. B., "Behavioral", cognitive conceptions of post‐traumatic stress disorder, 1989, pp.20, 155~176
- Gapen, M., "Facial emotion recognition difficulties in individuals with PTSD Symptoms", 박사, pp.2009
- González‐Garrido, A. A., "Visual processing in a facial emotional context : An ERP study", International Journal of Psychophysiology, 71(1), pp.25~30 (2009)
- Hariri, A. R., "Neocortical modulation of the amygdala response to fearful stimuli", Biological Psychiatry, 53, pp.494~501 (2003)
- Hayes, J. P., "Alterations in the neural circuitry for emotion and attention associated with posttraumatic stress symptomatology", Psychiatry Research : Neuroimaging, 172(1), pp.7~15 (2009)
- Herman, J., "Trauma and recovery : The aftermath of violence-from domestic abuse to political terror" (1997), Basic Books
- Holmes, A., "Effects of anxiety on the processing of fearful and happy faces : An event‐related potential study", Biological Psychology, 77, pp.159~173 (2008)
- Kessler, R. C., "Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey", Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, pp.1048~1060 (1995)
- Lee, Y. H., "A study of the reliability and the validity of the BDI, SDS, MMPI-D Scales", The Korean Journal of Clinical Psychophysiology, 10(1), pp.98~113 (1991)
- Lee, T. H., "Korea University Facial Expression" (2006), Lab of Behavioral Neuroscience, Korea University
- Masten, C. L., "Recognition of facial emotions among maltreated children with high rates of post‐traumatic stress disorder", Child Abuse and Neglect, 32, pp.139~153 (2008)
- McClure, E. B., "Facial expression recognition in adolescents with mood and anxiety disorders", American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, pp.1172~1174 (2003)
- McNally, R. J., "Cognitive abnormalities in post‐traumatic stress disorder", TRENDS in Cognitive Science, 10(6), pp.271~277 (2006)
- Meinhardt, J., "Attentional resource allocation to emotional events : An ERP study", Cognition & Emotion, 17, pp.477~500 (2003)
- Moser, J. S., "Face processing biases in social anxiety : An electrophysiological study", Biological Psychology, 78, pp.93~103 (2008)
- 남보라, "한국판 외상 후 스트레스 진단 척도의 신뢰도 및 타당도 연구", 한국심리학회지 임상, 29(1), pp.147~167 (2010), 한국임상심리학회
- Olatunji, B. O., "Quality of life in the anxiety disorders : A meta‐analytic review", Clinical Psychology Review, 27(5), pp.572~581 (2007)
- Paunovic, N., "Memory bias for faces that are perceived as hostile by crime victims with acute posttraumatic stress disorder", Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 32(4), pp.203~214 (2003)
- Pessoa, L., "Attentional control of the processing of neural and emotional stimuli", Cognitive Brain Research, 15, pp.31~45 (2002)
- Pourtois, G., "Enhanced extrastriate visual response to bandpass spatial frequency filtered fearful faces : Time course and topographic evoked‐potentials mapping", Human Brain Mapping, 26, pp.65~79 (2005)
- Semlitsch, H. V., "A solution for reliable and valid reduction of ocular artifacts, applied to the P300 ERP", Psychophysiology, 23(6), pp.695~703 (1986)
- Spielberger, C. D., "Manual for the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory" (1970), Consulting Psychologist Press
- Sprengelmeyer, R., "Event related potential and the perception of intensity in facial expressions", Neuropsychologia, 44, pp.2899~2906 (2006)
- Sta. Maria, N. L., "Facial affect recognition in posttraumatic stress disorder", 박사, pp.2002
- Tanner Jr., "A decision-making theory of visual detection", Psychological Review, 61(6), pp.401~409 (1954)
- Thayer, J. F., "Neurovisceral integration, emotions and health: An update", International Congress Series, 1287, pp.122~127 (2006)
- Vasterling, J. J., "Attention and memory dysfunction in post‐traumatic stress disorder", Neuropsychology, 12, pp.125~133 (1998)
- Vuilleumier, P., "Distant influences of amygdala lesion on visual cortical activation during emotional face processing", Nature Neuroscience, 7, pp.1271~1280 (2004)
- Williams, L. M., "The ‘when’ and ‘where’ of perceiving signals of threat versus non‐threat", NeuroImage, 31, pp.458~467 (2006)