＜高麗詞之事＞에 나타난 국어의 음운들

Abstract

So far, we’ve looked at how phonemes appear by studyingat the vocabularies in Koryosajisa and their phonetic scription. It is summarized below. First, the plosives ㅂ, ㄷ, and 演 appear in the ハ, バ (ha,ba) gyou, タ (ta) gyou, and カ (ka) gyou in Japanese. In thecase where these sounds are non-first sounds, the vowels donot vowelize clearly. Second, the nasal occlusives ㅁ and ㄴ appear in the マ, ハ,バ (ma, ha, ba) gyou and タ, ダ (ta,da) gyou. The sound of ㅁ is related to the characteristics of the Japaneseハ gyou at the time, and as the bilabiality (mb) of ‘ハ (voicelessbilabial fricative) / バ (nasal bilabial stop) gyou’ and nasalityof the sonant of dakuon are identical to those of the Korean ㅁ, which may have presumably caused these to become phoneticallyscripted in a confusing fashion. Excluding the Hamgyŏng and Gyeongsang dialects, when theKorean ㄴ when it combines with a high vowel at starting, itappears as [dn] with a pre-plosive characteristics (LeeByeong-geun). The fact that Kana phonetic scripting appearsin タ, ダ (ta, da) gyou, and this is seen as the diachronic evidenceof allophones (Song Min), and this record also is phoneticallyscripted as タ, ダ (ta, da) gyou. Therefore, correction is inevitable. In the case of Gyeongsang dialect, ㄴ at the starting becomes[dn] in combination with almost all vowels, not only with a highvowel. Third, fricatives ㅅ and ㅎ are phonetically scripted as サ (sa)gyou and ハ (ha) gyou. Fourth, in the case of the word-initial consonantal cluster, ㅂ does not appear in the ㅂ-sort, ㅄ appears without a ㅂ or ㅄ, and the ㅅ-sort appears as the head consonant group as is. Fifth, in the case of voice consonants ㅸㅿㆁ, ㅸ is thoughtto appear as w in the case of pjowəm and as ㅂ in the othercases. ㅿ has two cases: to spear as ㅅ and as ∅. ㆁ, in thecase of ㄹ and ㅇ, appears as k, and it is presumed to indicate[g]>[ɦ]>[∅]. When looking at other cases of vowels, first, the Korean [ə]is generally phonetically scripted as [a] in many incidents. Itis unsure if this is the problem of phoneme-counteraction orthe current dialect model. [jə] appears as [e] or [ja]. This, as well, is unsure if this isthe problem of phoneme-counteraction or the current dialectmodel. This is the characteristic of this record. ㆍ is phonetically scripted as [a] and [o]. Lastly, through the examples of Korean [ai] and [i] becomingscripted as [e], it brings out the question of the existence ofa single vowel [e] or [ɛ].