음주운전과 교통사고에서 신뢰성 있는 혈중 알코올 농도와 법적용: 측정 불확도 평가 및 의사결정 규칙
Reliable BAC and Law Enforcement to DUI and Traffic Accident: Estimating the Measurement Uncertainty and Decision Rule
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초록
음주 운전이나 교통사고에서 혈중 알코올 농도(BAC)는 법률적 문제와 민감하게 관련되어 있어 BAC 는 인정된 시험방법에 의해 신뢰성 있는 정확한 결과로 표현되어야 하고 객관적인 의사결정 규칙에 따라결정되어 법률에 적용되어야 한다. 그러나 현재 BAC는 신뢰성에 대한 어떠한 근거도 없이 측정값 그대로법률에 적용되고 있다. 이번 연구는 BAC 시험방법에 필연적으로 수반되는 불확도 요인을 분석하여 적합한 신뢰수준에서 측정 불확도를 추정(평가)하고 이를 바탕으로 합리적인 의사결정을 하여 신뢰성 있는BAC가 어떻게 법률에 적용되어야 하는지 제안하고자 하였다. 연구를 위해 상층공간 샘플러와 가스크로마토그라프/불꽃이온화검출기(HSS-GC/FID)로 시험방법을 확립하였고 국제숙련도 시험을 통해서 시험방법의수행능력을 평가받았다. 이렇게 확립된 BAC 시험방법의 다양한 불확도 요인, 불확도 기여도를 분석하여합성 표준불확도를 계산하여 측정된 농도를 약 95% 신뢰수준의 측정 불확도로 평가하여 표현하였다. 이렇게 표현된 측정 불확도를 이용하여 객관적으로 신뢰할 수 있는 BAC를 결정하기 위해서 ILAC 가이 드라인에 따라 PFA (probability of false accept)가 0.16% 이하가 되는 합리적 의사결정 조건인 3σ 의사결정 규칙을 이용하여 BAC를 결정하고 법적 기준에 적용할 것을 제안하였다.
Abstract
Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is concerned with very sensitive legal issue to the drunken drivers and the traffic accidents. Therefore, BAC should be reported the measured results with the uncertainty and then decided the reliable BAC by the reasonable decision rule. But until now, the reliable BAC has not been decided with the uncertainty and the reasonable decision rule has not applied to the traffic Act. The aim of his article is to make the trustworthy BAC based on estimating the measurement uncertainty induced by measure process and to decide the reliable BAC by the reasonable decision rule to apply the traffic Act. The experiment was conducted by the headspace sampler-gas chromatograph (HSS-GC/FID) and the proficiency test was performed by this experiment method. This article comments the measurement procedure, the identification of uncertainty source and its contribution to the uncertainty, the combined standard uncertainty and the uncertainty estimation of BAC at about 95% confidence level. To make the reliable BAC based on the objective reasonability complied with the ILAC guideline, it is decided by the 3σ decision rule as PFA (probability of false accept) below 0.16% and applied to the traffic Act.
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