위드마크 공식에 의한 주취운전죄 입증에 관한 연구 - 체내알코올농도 추정 영향요인에 관한 문제점을 중심으로 -
A Study on Proving Drunk Driving by the Widmark Equation: Focusing on Problems about the Factors Influencing the Estimation of BAC(Blood Alcohol Concentration)
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Because collecting blood sample rarely happens right at the moment of detecting drunk driving, the BAC has to be calculated on the basis of the estimate calculated afterward. Since 1985, the Widmark equation has been used to estimate the BAC via the back calculation method. However, the approach can produce unreliable evidence for conviction, for the factors used in the equation assume an average man. In other words, the Widmark equation considers several factors (e.g., gender, weight, types and amount of consumed alcohol, resorption deficit rate, time passed after consuming alcohol) affecting the BAC estimation, while excluding some critical factors such as consumed food, drinking speed of alcohol, the divided doses of alcohol, the existence of ADH, and disease, etc. In general, the Supreme Court interprets the estimate of BAC via the Widmark equation in favor of the accused. However, there are such ongoing problems in the ruling of the Supreme Court as: The Supreme Court misunderstands some of the mechanisms of the Widmark equation; Some of the factors influencing the BAC estimation are overlooked; The Supreme Court fails to give a full consideration to the statement of the accused and the credibility of the breath analyzer; The BAC estimation performed by non-experts are used. Thus, the author recommends that three measures be taken while attempting to use the Widmark equation to prove drunk driving. First, full documents must be collected on the influential factors. Second, the BAC estimation must be performed by experts. Third, when it is obscure to judge whether the BAC is in the moment of increasing or decreasing, it must be legalized to regard the BAC at arresting as the same BAC at collecting blood sample.
Abstract
Because collecting blood sample rarely happens right at the moment of detecting drunk driving, the BAC has to be calculated on the basis of the estimate calculated afterward. Since 1985, the Widmark equation has been used to estimate the BAC via the back calculation method. However, the approach can produce unreliable evidence for conviction, for the factors used in the equation assume an average man. In other words, the Widmark equation considers several factors (e.g., gender, weight, types and amount of consumed alcohol, resorption deficit rate, time passed after consuming alcohol) affecting the BAC estimation, while excluding some critical factors such as consumed food, drinking speed of alcohol, the divided doses of alcohol, the existence of ADH, and disease, etc. In general, the Supreme Court interprets the estimate of BAC via the Widmark equation in favor of the accused. However, there are such ongoing problems in the ruling of the Supreme Court as: The Supreme Court misunderstands some of the mechanisms of the Widmark equation; Some of the factors influencing the BAC estimation are overlooked; The Supreme Court fails to give a full consideration to the statement of the accused and the credibility of the breath analyzer; The BAC estimation performed by non-experts are used. Thus, the author recommends that three measures be taken while attempting to use the Widmark equation to prove drunk driving. First, full documents must be collected on the influential factors. Second, the BAC estimation must be performed by experts. Third, when it is obscure to judge whether the BAC is in the moment of increasing or decreasing, it must be legalized to regard the BAC at arresting as the same BAC at collecting blood sample.
참고문헌 (31)
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