결손가정의 기능적 특성과 적응유연성이 청소년비행에 미치는 영향
A study of the influence of functionally-broken family and resilience on Juvenile delinquency
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이 연구에서는 지금까지 대부분의 연구에서 이루어지지 않았던 가족의 결손으로 인한 기능적인 특성들과 적응유연성이 장기적으로 청소년적응의 양태인 청소년비행에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 우리나라의 대표적인 청소년전문 패널자료의 하나인 청소년패널자료(KYPS)를 활용하여 종단적인 영향을 검증하는 데에 그 목적을 두고 있다. 연구에 사용된 데이터는 2003년 시작된 중학교 2학년 패널데이터이다. 2003년 1차년도 자료는 전국의 중학교 2학년 3,449명이 조사되었고, 2차년도인 2004년에는 이 대상자의 92.4%인 3,188명, 2005년에는 3,125명, 2006년에는 3,121명이 조사되어 1차년도 대상의 90.5%가 조사되어 장기적인 경향이 분석가능하다고 할 수 있다. 분석결과는 첫째, 가족이 해체되었을 경우 정상적인 가정에서 성장하는 청소년에 비해 3.3% 더 비행행동에 가담할 가능이 높아졌다. 또한 해체가족구조에서 야기되는 경제적 스트레스를 받을 경우도 그렇지 않는 경우보다 비행청소년이 될 가능성이 높았다. 둘째, 부모특성 중 부모애착과 부모감독의 경우 부정적일수록 청소년이 비행행동에 참가할 가능성이 높았으며 통계적으로 유의미했다. 특히 학대경험을 한 청소년일수록 학대경험이 없는 청소년에 비해 3.4% 더 높은 비행가능성을 보였다. 셋째, 적응유연성 특성의 경우 공격성향, 교사화의 부적절한 관계형성, 친구와의 애착관계 형성의 실패 등은 본 연구에서도 청소년비행에 영향력을 미쳤다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between a single parent family and juvenile delinquency. This study mainly focuses on functional characteristics and family relative adaption, to determine their relationship to juvenile delinquent. This study used Korea Youth Penal Survey (KYPS) data, a five year longitudinal study, to explain the relationship among middle school students in South Korea. The data was gathered from 12 different major cities in South Korea in 2003 through 2007. Participants were middle school students from the second year penal data. The sample size of the first year (in 2003) surveyed was 3,449, second year (in 2004) surveyed were 3,118, 3,125 were surveyed in the third year (in 2005) and 3,121 students were surveyed in the last year (in2006). This study revealed that student from single parent family were 3.3% more likely involved in juvenile delinquency as compared to students from normal parent family. Also, students that had financial stress appeared to be more likely involved in juvenile delinquency. Parent attachment and parental supervision factors appeared to be statistically significant. In other words, students that had less attachment and supervision from their parents appeared to be more likely involved in juvenile delinquency. In addition, student from violent families appeared to be 3.4% more likely involved in juvenile delinquency. Finally, for the family relative adaption, this study also consistently revealed that aggressiveness, attachment from teachers and attachment from friends to be statistically significant factors.
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