면적평균강우량 산정을 통한 강우관측망 평가 및 추정오차
Evaluation of Raingauge Network using Area Average Rainfall Estimation and the Estimation Error
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면적평균강우량의 산정은 가용 수자원의 정확한 양을 파악하고 강우-유출해석에 필수적인 입력자료이기 때문에 매우 중요하다. 이와 같은 면적평균강우량의 정확한 산정을 위한 필수적인 조건은 강우관측망의 균일한 공간적 분포이다. 본 연구에서는 보다 향상된 유역 면적평균강우량 산정을 위한 강우관측망의 공간분포 평가방법론을 제시하고, 이를 한강 및금강 유역에 적용하였다. 강우관측소의 공간적 분포 특성은 최근린 지수(nearest neighbor index)를 이용하여 정량화하였다. 유역별 강우관측소의 공간적 분포가 면적평균강우량 산정에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 2013년의 강우사상에 대해산술평균법, 티센가중법, 추정이론을 이용하여 면적평균강우량을 산정하고 각 경우에 대해 추정오차를 평가하였다. 그 결과 공간분포가 우수한 유역은 면적평균강우량의 추정오차가 상대적으로 작으며, 반대로 공간분포가 왜곡된 유역의 경우는 상대적으로 추정오차가 큼을 확인하였다.
Abstract
Area average rainfall estimation is important to determine the exact amount of the available water resources and theessential input data for rainfall-runoff analysis. Like that, the necessary criterion for accurate area average rainfall estimate isthe uniform spatial distribution of raingauge network. In this study, we suggest the spatial distribution evaluationmethodology of raingauge network to estimate better area average rainfall and after the suggested method is applied to HanRiver and Geum River basin. The spatial distribution of rainfall network can be quantified by the nearest neighbor index. Inorder to evaluate the effects of the spatial distribution of rainfall network by each basin, area average rainfall was estimatedby arithmetic mean method, the Thiessen’s weighting method and estimation theory for 2013’s rainfall event, and evaluatedthe involved errors by each cases. As a result, it can be found that the estimation error at the best basin of spatialdistribution was lower than the worst basin of spatial distribution.
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