심리장애 진단아동의 K-CBCL 아동 청소년 행동평가척도 군집분석
A Cluster Analysis of K-CBCL for Outpatient Children
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초록
본 연구에서는 심리장애 진단을 받은 아동을 대상으로 K-CBCL 11개 문제행동 증후군 척도의 변별력 및 임상적 유용성, 구체적 하위유형의 기준을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 DSM-Ⅳ 진단에 따라 진단받은 만 4-11세 남아 271명, 여아 87명 총 358명 아동의 K-CBCL 프로파일을 군집분석하였다. 연구 결과 심리장애 진단집단에 따라 K-CBCL 11개 문제행동 증후군 척도의 차이가 나타났다. 사회적 문제, 사고의 문제, 주의집중 문제는 정신지체, 전반적 발달장애군에서 그 외의 진단군에 비해 점수가 가장 높았고, 사회적 문제, 주의집중문제는 학습 및 의사소통장애군에서 점수가 가장 높았다. 비행, 공격성은 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애군에서 점수가 높았고, 사고의 문제는 불안장애군에서 점수가 높았다. 이를 통해 K-CBCL 내재화, 외현화 척도를 포함한 11개 문제행동 증후군 척도의 각 하위척도가 관련된 문제행동을 보이는 DSM-Ⅳ 진단군과 상관관계가 높음을 확인하였다. K-CBCL 8개 문제행동 증후군 척도의 군집분석 결과 심리장애 진단집단은 4개의 하위군집으로 분류되었고 군집 1은「정상 프로파일 집단」, 군집 2는「내재화 장애 집단」, 군집 3은「외현화 장애 집단」, 군집 4는「혼합 장애 집단」으로 정의되었다. 4개의 하위군집은 심리장애 진단 분포에서 유의한 차이를 나타내어 불안장애군(43.9%)은 내재화 장애 집단(군집 2)에, 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애군(37.0%)은 외현화 장애 집단(군집 3)에 많이 분포되었다. 이를 통해 K-CBCL의 2대 분류 축인 내재화/외현화 영역에 따라 심리장애 진단군 변별이 확인되었다. 판별분석 결과에서는 K-CBCL 8개 문제행동 증후군 척도 모두 하위군집 구분에 유의한 변인으로 확인되었고 산출된 판별함수에 따른 하위군집 분류정확도는 96.1%로 나타났다. 이와 같이 K-CBCL 11개 문제행동 증후군 척도의 진단에 대한 변별력 및 K-CBCL 8개 문제행동 증후군 척도와 관련 DSM 진단과의 상관관계가 높음을 확인하였고, K-CBCL이 DSM 진단보완도구로 사용되는 근거를 제공한 것에 의의가 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to verify discrimination of the K-CBCL 11 Behavior Problem Scale, the diagnostic accuracy of the K-CBCL as a screening tools, and criteria of subtype of various diagnostic cases. The subjects were 358_(271 boys, 87 girls) 4 to 11 year old children who visited the child psychiatry clinic of four university medical centers, two psychiatric hospitals, 358 parents participated in evaluation of those children with the K-CBCL, and the K-CBCL profile was statistically analyzed with cluster analysis. Significant differences in the K-CBCL 11 Behavior Problem Scale were found in the DSM-Ⅳ diagnosed group, subscales of the K-CBCL 11 Behavior Problem Scale were closely associated with the different DSM-Ⅳ diagnosed group. In the results of cluster analysis by the K-CBCL 8 Behavior Problem Scale, the DSM-Ⅳ diagnosed group was classified according to four subtypes. The four subtypes were shown to have differentially DSM-Ⅳ diagnosed group distribution. Anxiety disorder group_(43.9%) was included in the Internalizing Disorder group_(cluster 2), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder group_(37.0%) was included Externalizing Disorder cluster_(cluster 3). The results showed that it could discriminate the DSM-Ⅳ diagnostic group according to the two classification axes of K-CBCL, Internalizing/Externalizing scales. In the result of discriminant analysis, the K-CBCL 8 Behavior Problem Scale was identified to significant variables in four subtypes, Hit Ratio was identified in 96.1%. These Findings suggest that the K-CBCL is generally accepted as an objective tool for screening in symptoms of psychopathology. Finally, clinical implications and limitations of the current study were discussed.
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