해결중심 단기치료의 변화 고찰: 새로운 관점과 접근의 등장
A Review of Changes in Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: the emergence of new perspectives and approaches
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80년대 말에 귀납적 방식으로 등장한 이후 계속 변화해 온 해결중심상담에서 ‘변화’는 일종의 화두와 같다. 최근 해결중심상담의 진영 내에서 급격한 변화가 일어나고 있고, 이와 관련된 많은 논쟁이 진행 중이다. 그러나 국내 해결중심상담자들에게 이러한 논쟁은 상대적으로 덜 알려져 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 해결중심상담의 변화를 다룬 문헌을 선정하고 그 내용을 분석한다. 연구 문제는 다음과 같다: 1) 해결중심상담 진영 내에서 최근 일어나고 있는 변화는 어떤 것이며, 변화의 내용과 역사적 근거는 무엇인가?; 2) 이러한 변화의 이론적, 실천적 논쟁과 함의는 무엇인가? 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 해결중심상담은 특유의 귀납적 발전과정의 특성으로 인해 계속해서 그 변화가 진행되고 있다. 둘째, 변화의 양상이 매우 다양하다. 셋째, 2세대 또는 차세대로도 불리는 새로운 관점과 접근이 등장했다. 이러한 연구 결과에 기초해 본 연구에서는 새로운 해결중심접근의 등장과 그 영향을 어떻게 받아들이고 이해할 것인지에 대한 비판적 논의를 제공한다.
Abstract
Objectives: Solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) has been changed through inductive development over the past 40 years since it first appeared in the 1980s. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the approach. Methods: This study reviewed the seminal works dealing with changes in SFBT. The research questions were as follows: 1) How has SFBT changed; and 2) What are the theoretical and practical implications of the changes, especially in recent years? Results: In this study, two major trends in the changes were noticed. The first trend is one of traditional approaches that pursue the developmental minds of the developers, such as Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg. Another trend suggests the new generation of SFBT has appeared and made some significant progress in the literature. Conclusions: Various changes taking place in the broader SFBT camp were confirmed. SFBT is continuously undergoing changes due to the nature of the inherent inductive development process. Therefore, SFBT therapists should give more attention to these changes that are now underway within the broader camp of the model.
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