청소년의 수줍음이 외로움 및 안녕감에 미치는 영향: 성실성과 성별의 조절된 조절효과
The Relationship of Shyness to Loneliness and Well-being in Adolescents: Testing a Moderated Moderation Model of Conscientiousness and Gender
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연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 남녀 청소년의 수줍음과 외로움 및 안녕감, 성실성 간의 관계를 살펴보고, 수줍음과 외로움 및 안녕감의 관계에서 성실성과 성별의 조절된 조절효과 모형을 검증하는 것이다. 연구방법: 한 광역시에 소재한 4개 인문계 고등학교에 재학 중인 남녀 청소년 823명을 대상으로 자기보고식 설문조사를 실시하여, 수줍음, 외로움, 안녕감, 성실성에 대한 측정 자료를 수집하였다. SPSS 21.0 프로그램과 Process Macro Version 3.4를 사용하여 기술통계, 상관분석, t검증 및 조절된 조절분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과: 먼저 상관분석 결과에 의하면, 청소년의 수줍음은 외로움과 정적 상관, 안녕감과 부적 상관이 있었으며, 성실성은 외로움과 부적 상관, 안녕감과는 정적 상관을 보였다. t검증을 실시한 결과, 성차는 안녕감에서만 유의하였으며 남자 청소년이 더 높았다. 조절된 조절효과 분석을 실시한 결과, 수줍음과 외로움의 관계에서 성실성과 성별에 의한 조절된 조절효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 또한 수줍음과 안녕감의 관계에서 성실성과 성별에 의한 조절된 조절효과도 유의하게 나타났다. 구체적으로는 남자 청소년의 경우, 수줍음이 외로움에 미치는 정적 영향과 안녕감에 미치는 부적 영향을 성실성이 완충하였으나, 여자 청소년의 경우에는 이러한 양상이 나타나지 않았다. 논의 및 결론: 연구 결과가 수줍은 청소년의 이해, 교육 및 지원을 위해 시사하는 점과 본 연구의 제한점 및 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among shyness, loneliness, well-being, and conscientiousness in adolescents, and to examine whether conscientiousness and gender play a moderated moderating role in the relationships between shyness and loneliness, and between shyness and well-being. Method: For this purpose, self-reported measures of our study variables were obtained from 823 high school students in a metropolitan city in Korea, and SPSS 21.0 and Process Macro 3.4 were used for statistical analyses. Results: Major findings were as follows: First, shyness had a positive correlation with loneliness, and a negative correlation with well-being. Inversely, conscientiousness had a negative correlation with loneliness, and a positive correlation with well-being. Second, gender difference was significant only in well-being. Third, the moderated moderation effect by conscientiousness and gender was significant in the relationships between shyness and loneliness, and between shyness and well-being. Specifically, only for male adolescents, conscientiousness buffered the positive effect of shyness on loneliness and the negative effect of shyness on well-being. Conclusion: Implications of these findings for the understanding, education, and support of shy adolescents were discussed and limitations and suggestions for further study were also provided.
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