鳥形裝鐵板儀器考

Abstract

The uniquely shaped artifacts, heteromorphic sharp-tool with barbs, that are being discovered and concentrated in Haman-Dohangli ancient tomb cluster and Hapchon-Okjeon ancient tomb cluster seem to be better classified as Iron-plate Ritual Utensil with Bird Decorations rather than being classified as Sharp Tool with Barbs, considering their shapes and functions. Entitlement of a new name look reasonable because the artifacts, excavated in Dohangli ancient tomb cluster, have no barbs, without any exceptions, and have only birdshaped decorative attachments around the body. The ritual utensils, excavated from Dohangli ancient tomb cluster and Okjeon ancient tomb cluster, at a glance, look similar, but a careful examination confirms significant differences.In other words, those artifacts, made out of iron ingots, with no decorative holes, having birdshaped decorative attachments with no exceptions, without bump-shaped barbs on either side,are classified as Dohangli Type, and those artifacts, with bump-shaped barbs, having decorative holes in a variety of shapes inside, with bird-shaped decorative attachments with drooping bird tails, are classified as Okjeon Type ritual utensils. Additionally, the Dohangli Type was made out of iron ingots and the Okjeon Type out of iron nuggets, utilizing iron material in both types. There is a possibility that these artifacts originated from the heteromorphic sharp-tool with barbs in Kimhae region. It has been verified that the clans in KimHae brought the information with them when they moved into the Western Kyungnam area, during the unstable period resulting from the southern conquest by the Great King GwangGaeTo in A.D. 400. Inferring from the fact that, in the case of Dohangli type, the shape is standardized and that many examples of multiple burial accessories can be seen, the function of these artifacts is believed to be a symbol of the group representing the Anra dynasty in its entirety, including the ruling parties of the Anra dynasty. In comparison, the Okjeon type, with a single article in each tomb, is presumed to symbolize the status of the buried individual in possession of this ritual utensil. Lastly, reviews of the few samples, excavated in areas other than the two tomb clusters,revealed that the articles excavated from the Tomb Yedunli 1 are of Dohangli type, and that the articles excavated from the tombs Jeopoli E2, E3, E4-1, E5-1 and E9 are of Okjeon type,and that the articles found in the stone chamber and the tomb mound of M2, located in the distant Soonchun- Woonpyungli, are of Okjeon type.